The New York Times: Why are China subject to millions of Muslims censored?
The New York Times published a report by reporter Chris Buckley of Hotan in southwest China describing the lives of Uighur Muslims in China and the programs of the Chinese government.
A large building on the edge of the desert in the far west of China is surrounded by a fence topped with barbed wire, and he has written in large letters phrases encouraging the study of Chinese language and rights, and training in work skills, where guards make it quite clear by blocking visits.
Hundreds of Uighurs, who spend their days in intensive indoctrination programs, are forced to listen to speeches and chants of the Communist Party of China and write "self-critical" subjects, according to detainees who were released, Pointing out that the goal is to remove loyalty to Islam.
The newspaper quoted Abdel Salam Mohammed, 41, as saying that the police arrested him because he read a Koranic verse during a funeral. Two months later, he was ordered to a nearby camp. He and more than 30 others were ordered to give up their former lives. "It is not a place where extremism is eliminated, it is a place that will generate reprisals and wipe out the Uighurs' identity," he said.
"This camp outside Hutan, a town in an oasis in the Taklamakan desert, is one of the hundreds of camps built by China over the past few years, part of a campaign of intensity and ferocity involving hundreds of thousands of Chinese Muslims for weeks or months Of brainwashing, as described by critics, and usually without any criminal charges. "
Although the campaign is confined to Xinjiang, it is the largest arrest campaign since Mao Zedong's era, a subject of international criticism that is high in popularity, the report said, pointing out that for decades China has tried to limit Islamic religious practice and hold an iron fist over Xinjiang. Where about 24 million Muslims from different ethnic groups, the largest ethnic Uighurs, have long been worried about their language, culture, religion and resistance to Chinese rule and the history of their independence movements.
After a series of violent attacks against the government, culminating in 2014, Communist Party chief Xi Jinping has stepped up dramatically to coordinate a campaign to convert Uighurs and other Muslim minorities into pro-government citizens.
"The Xinjiang region is undergoing a period of terrorist activity, intense struggle against the separatists and painful intervention to deal with it," Shi told the officials.
In addition to the mass arrests, the authorities have stepped up the use of informants and expanded police spying to the point where cameras are installed in some houses, according to human rights activists and experts. The campaign has shocked the Uighur community, leaving shattered communities and families.
"Intervention in aspects of everyday life is now complete ... you have an ethnic identity and a focus on the Uighur identity," the report quoted the Xinjiang expert at the Australian National University in Canberra, Michael Clarke, as saying.
China completely denies reports of attacks in Xinjiang and said at a UN committee meeting in Geneva last month it did not run re-education camps, describing them as reform institutes designed to provide job training.
"There are no arbitrary arrests, there are no so-called re-education centers," Buckley quoted Hu Lianhei, an official with a role in Xinjiang's policies, as telling the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
The report pointed out that the Committee pressed Beijing to disclose the number of detainees and release them, but the Ministry of Foreign Affairs neglected the request on the grounds that it is "not based on reality," and said China's security measures similar to what other countries do.
The newspaper claims that the government's claim that things are normal is opposed to a flood of evidence, including official guidelines, news reports, news reports and building plans, as well as eyewitness accounts from a growing number of former detainees who have fled to countries such as Turkey or Kazakhstan.
The author says government documents describe a network of camps called Centers for Change through Education, which has been expanded without public debate, a legislative authority, or an appeals regime for detainees.
The New York Times interviewed four camp inmates in Xinjiang, who described verbal and physical assaults by guards, hymns, lecturers and self-criticism meetings, as well as constant concern that they would not know when they would be released. Of the Uighurs whose relatives had entered or disappeared, and many of whom spoke on condition of anonymity because of fear of government retaliation.
The report noted that the paper had found reports on the Web, written by Chinese officials, who were asked to monitor the families of the detainees, and a study published last year that officials in some places sent Uighurs indiscriminately to those detention centers to achieve the required figures.
According to the paper, the study by researcher Qiyuanyuan, a professor at Xinjiang Party School, where officials are being trained, warned that such arrests could provoke a backlash and promote radicalism. She said the identification of numbers of change through education was wrong, Not accurate and the range was expanded.
He says he and dozens of others - university graduates, traders and farmers - were ordered to run around a playground where the guards slapped and pushed the older and slower prisoners. They had to chant national anthems in Chinese, "If it were not for the existence of the Communist Party, there would not have been a new China," he said.
The report tells Muhammad, a plump man, and runs a restaurant in Hutan before fleeing China this year, that he spent seven months in a police cell and more than two months in the detention camp in 2015 without being charged. He added that the detainees in the camps They met most days to listen to long lectures by officials who warned them against adopting Islamic extremism, supporting Uighurs separatists, or violating the Communist Party.
The newspaper said officials did not ban Islam, but they set limits on how to practice it, including banning prayers at home with friends or guests, and that detainees were required to keep laws and write self-critical subjects.
"In the end, officials were focusing on a fundamental point, the greatness of the Communist Party, the backwardness of the Uighur culture and the progress of Chinese culture," Mohammed told the paper.
The author notes that two months after Muhammad's imprisonment, he allowed his family to visit the camp near the New Harmony Village, a new area built to be the title of friendship between the Uighurs and the majority of the Han Chinese. "I could not say anything, I did it because I hugged my wife and children and cried and cried. "
According to the report, the Xinjiang government issued laws to "combat extremism" last year, allowed the establishment of camps, and manages many areas and several camps, according to government documents, including tenders for the construction of these camps.
Some of these facilities allow detainees to go to their homes in the evening, but other camps were set up to keep detainees around the clock, while a camp outside Hutan over the past two years has expanded from several small buildings to facilities covering about 36 acres, Alcatraz, "which hovers a historic security prison in America," as it seems from the pictures that there is another expansion of the ongoing camp.
According to a document issued by the Communist Party of Hutan: "Anyone infected with an ideological virus should be transferred immediately to internal care for lessons of change through education before the disease worsens."
The report states that it is not known how many Uighurs and Muslim hordes detained in these camps, ranging from several hundred thousand to one million, while the exiles say that the number is much higher.
According to official statistics compiled by human rights defenders in China, the number of arrests in the province exceeded 20 percent of the arrests last year, according to official statistics compiled by human rights defenders in China. Does not include persons in "re-education" camps.
Some of these facilities allow detainees to go to their homes in the evening, but other camps were set up to keep detainees around the clock, while a camp outside Hutan over the past two years has expanded from several small buildings to facilities covering about 36 acres, Alcatraz, "which hovers a historic security prison in America," as it seems from the pictures that there is another expansion of the ongoing camp.
According to a document issued by the Communist Party of Hutan: "Anyone infected with an ideological virus should be transferred immediately to internal care for lessons of change through education before the disease worsens."
The report states that it is not known how many Uighurs and Muslim hordes detained in these camps, ranging from several hundred thousand to one million, while the exiles say that the number is much higher.
According to official statistics compiled by human rights defenders in China, the number of arrests in the province exceeded 20 percent of the arrests last year, according to official statistics compiled by human rights defenders in China. Does not include persons in "re-education" camps.
Some people were sent to detention centers for visiting relatives abroad, religious books or Uighur culture, and even wearing a crescent-colored shirt, while women were sometimes arrested for abuses by husbands or children, the author said.
The report notes that official guidance has warned people not to listen to seventy-five indicators of "religious extremism", including behaviors that do not even attract attention in other countries, such as: launching a beard for young people, praying in public places outside mosques and even trying to quit smoking or alcohol suddenly .
The newspaper says the city of Hotan feels it is under siege. Police checkpoints are filled every 100 meters. Schools, kindergartens, petrol stations and hospitals are surrounded by barbed wire. Surveillance cameras are rising from shops, street entrances and columns. "The situation is tense," says a police officer. Here, we have not rested in three years. "
"The city, which has a population of 390,000, has undergone an Islamic awakening a decade ago. Most Uighurs are committed to moderate forms of Sunni Islam, some of them secular, but prosperity and increased interaction with the Middle East have fueled a more radical Islamic tradition. A long beard, and women wore the hijab, which was not part of the traditional Uyghur dress. "
The writer says: "Now the beard and veil disappeared, and there are billboards warning them, and is not attending in the mosques only a little, for people to register to enter and pray in the mosque under the surveillance cameras.
The report notes that the government turned to tougher policies after the 2009 demonstrations in the capital of Xinjiang, Urumqi, which turned into riots and killed 200 people, noting that Shi and local officials have adopted methods reminiscent of Mao's strict provisions against any form of Forms of opposition.
The newspaper reported that they had planted towns along Xinjiang and displayed cameras linked to high-tech surveillance systems, which recognize the image and sound, noting that security expenditures in the region increased to 8.5 billion dollars last year, double the expenditure of the previous year.
The majority of those who enforce laws on the ground are Uighurs, some of them police officers, camp officials and checkpoints, pointing out that ordinary Uighurs have to climb up and down buses, pass through checkpoints, To clear identity cards, and to hand over mobile phones to the police for examination.
According to the report, there is an informant for every ten families in the Xinjiang region, where he reports on those families and all what can be considered suspicious activities, including prayer, and visit mosques according to population and government reports. Residents say police sometimes search houses; Forbidden and suspicious things, such as chapels, and with them devices to uncover any caches in the walls and under the ground.
The authorities collect data on fingerprints, biological measurements and DNA. Two Uighurs, a student and a former official, said they were asked to come to the police station. Officials recorded their voices, photographed their heads from different angles, and sampled hair and blood.
The author says that pressure on Uighurs increases in villages, when they visit partisan "task forces" and live in villages, asking villagers to tell their relatives, friends and neighbors, and to investigate population trends, according to government reports published on the Web.
The report quoted an Uighur woman who asked only to name her family Gul, saying she had been under surveillance after wearing hijab and reading books about Islam and the history of the Uighurs. Local officials installed cameras on the door of her family's home and inside the living room. "We must always be careful what we say and what we do and what we read."
Gul went on to say that an official came to her house every week and checked with her, then sent her to a re-education camp. Gul, who fled China after she was released, tried to contact her brother to check on him. His mother sent her another message, telling her: "Do not call us again, we're in trouble."
The New York Times concluded by pointing out that Gul said life in the prison was so bad that the children who lived near him came to call their detained mothers at night and tell them how much they missed, but the mothers could not say anything because there A camera in their cell.
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