Home
[size=32][You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.][/size]
[size=16]3/22/18[/size]
[size=16]Shatha Khalil
defines economic compactness as "holding money and imprisoning it from circulation." It may be that money is buried or kept in boxes inside the house and is not taken out to trade in money and capital markets.
The prevalence of the phenomenon of compactness in developing countries is due to the weakness of the banking culture, which generates a vicious circle of forces that are opposite to the movement of economic and social development. Data of underdevelopment widen the phenomenon of stagnation, which leads to a reduction in the volume of positive savings, , And the economic and social development movement necessary for the development of Third World countries.
One of the negative effects of hoarding, and its impact on economic activity in developing countries, is the division of income according to economic considerations into two parts: a section that is spent on consumer requirements, and another goes to savings.
If, in the short term, income is assumed to be constant, the individual can only increase his savings by reducing his consumption expenditure.[/size]
In Iraq, the governor of the Central Bank Ali al-Aalak said that the phenomenon of financial strangulation outside the banking system is dangerous, as 77% of the currency traded outside the system of the banking system is in a state of exhaustion. In order to employ these resources and pay them towards savings and the direction of the banking sector, And wide at all levels. "
The economic expert Raed Fahmi said that "securing the internal resources and mobilizing them in the issue of savings is very important, and this constitutes a great danger and concern for the funds in the case of hoarding."
He pointed out that "the state of compactness means a lack of confidence in the banking sector in attracting deposits, Is not only a financial and administrative challenge but also harms the economic reality and the security reality and the political reality, and here highlights the role of banks in enhancing the confidence of citizens to deposit their money in banks.
The director general of financial operations and debt management in the Central Bank of Iraq, Dr. Mahmoud Dagher, said that the lack of confidence of the citizen banks face all backward countries, including Iraq, where private banks grew in an unstable situation and despite all the changes and improvements, but banks are still unable On the confrontation, and we are still witnessing the dominance of government banks such as Rafidain and Rashid, on most deposits and banking assets and therefore this created a dilemma for private banks to play their part.
Dagher pointed to "bank irregularities of the instructions of the Central Bank, especially in the sale of the dollar, pointing to the transformation of Iraq into a market economy, which of its conditions supply and demand.
He said there is a high demand for the dollar because of the instability can not be restrained, pointing out that the former was the central bank before 2014 covers each quantity and now we do not cover the quantity required by the importers or who have assets or external transfers this pressure, the economy is
due lack of confidence The citizens of the banks to the following: - The
government does not pay the dues of the private sector, contractors and farmers despite the passage of long years to maturity, in addition to the lack of cash liquidity in banks, especially the civil ones, when reviewing the citizen to withdraw his money is shocked by the inability of the bank to meet its dues.
• The Iraqi citizen loses about 5% of his money because of exchange rate difference once deposit money in dollars in his bank account and then withdrawn, and this is a great suffering it, and the central bank to monitor the private banks and government in the installation and set a fixed ceiling for the amount of foreign exchange, Manipulation and corruption in this matter.
• The most serious situation faced by citizens with private banks is that they close and close their doors without warning and without any legal accountability to them, so we see that most citizens have fled dealing with private banks.
• The delay in the service and not keep pace with some banks to modernity and routine in the private banking system, which was supposed to overcome, and these things have their role and impact.
• Lack of awareness among individuals of the importance of a private banking sector. This view means the need to expand the scope of financial coverage, which means the delivery of banking services to all citizens, whether in the government or private sector.
The financial and economic adviser, Dr. Mazhar Mohammed Saleh, said that the manifestations of the compactness in Iraq take different dimensions, namely: self-compactness such as gold, jewelry and precious valuables, and the Iraqi dinar, which accounts for 77% of the currency exported outside the Central Bank of Iraq.
The stifling weakens the strength of the national economy by diverting its savings, which [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] the income and production dues, to stumbling leaks, in the income cycle, or weaken production opportunities and sustain economic activity.
Here is the demand for cash or money-like wealth for the purpose of hedging "uncertainties".
The history of the Iraqi banking has witnessed during the last century the phenomenon of exchanging gold in paper currency by placing gold as a hostage at the jeweler, or moneylenders for a riba interest, as the demand for money here helps through the guarantee of gold by extracting formal money from the cycle of monetary leaks to the spending cycle, Economic, but with illegal market instruments, and thus demand for cash for purposes of transactions but for courses of income is not necessarily complete and does not lead to real economic balance.
Saleh pointed to an important event in the history of the Iraqi economy, in the sixties of the last century, was established a government bank called the Mortgage Bank / a legal and official alternative to the phenomenon of moneylenders and the whole market is illegal, which provides loans guaranteed gold guaranteed by the Bank of mortgages, To keep the gold held by the Borrower until the maturity of the Loan or to pay for interest charged by the Borrowing Bank to cover the operating costs and part of the risk of fluctuating the value of the same security of the jewelry and gold bars occupied.
Saleh highlights the bank's cancellation at the beginning of the 1970s for unknown reasons.
Banks remained in a semi-banking relationship with customers in the provision of services, as bank funds or personal bank vaults remained available to citizens and available for use within each bank, especially government, including Rafidain and Rashid.
The citizen can keep his precious resources and important documents in safe places with 100% safety, for a monthly or annual fee.
The absence of this safe service cut off one of the bonds between the citizen and the bank as an entity that preserves the wealth of the society and strengthens the connection between the citizen and the bank.
Saleh called on the Iraqi Central Bank to directly study, granting vacation Iraqi bank mortgage, pledge of gold and jewelry to meet cash (which boosts bank credit and converts the semiconductor storehouse of wealth to a guarantor in the generation of power demand for money for the purposes of transactions and [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] economic activity.
Promised this thing one institutional channels To eliminate the phenomenon of compactness with money equivalent, gold and other, and maximize the atmosphere of confidence between banks and citizens, to receive their gold jewelry and other valuable valuables in the vaults of banks at affordable wages.
The citizens demanded the establishment of a deposit guarantee company to reassure their bank deposits of the risks of banks 'exposure and failures; because it reduces the demand for liquid cash as a catalyst, which is an unstable, highly concerned function that is highly correlated with the interpretation of uncertainty in individuals' demand for cash in its rolling form Or quasi-money, and to prevent the entry of the cycle of income and deprivation cycle of economic activity.
[size=16]Center for Economic Studies and
Research Center[/size]
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.][/size]
[size=16]3/22/18[/size]
[size=16]Shatha Khalil
defines economic compactness as "holding money and imprisoning it from circulation." It may be that money is buried or kept in boxes inside the house and is not taken out to trade in money and capital markets.
The prevalence of the phenomenon of compactness in developing countries is due to the weakness of the banking culture, which generates a vicious circle of forces that are opposite to the movement of economic and social development. Data of underdevelopment widen the phenomenon of stagnation, which leads to a reduction in the volume of positive savings, , And the economic and social development movement necessary for the development of Third World countries.
One of the negative effects of hoarding, and its impact on economic activity in developing countries, is the division of income according to economic considerations into two parts: a section that is spent on consumer requirements, and another goes to savings.
If, in the short term, income is assumed to be constant, the individual can only increase his savings by reducing his consumption expenditure.[/size]
In Iraq, the governor of the Central Bank Ali al-Aalak said that the phenomenon of financial strangulation outside the banking system is dangerous, as 77% of the currency traded outside the system of the banking system is in a state of exhaustion. In order to employ these resources and pay them towards savings and the direction of the banking sector, And wide at all levels. "
The economic expert Raed Fahmi said that "securing the internal resources and mobilizing them in the issue of savings is very important, and this constitutes a great danger and concern for the funds in the case of hoarding."
He pointed out that "the state of compactness means a lack of confidence in the banking sector in attracting deposits, Is not only a financial and administrative challenge but also harms the economic reality and the security reality and the political reality, and here highlights the role of banks in enhancing the confidence of citizens to deposit their money in banks.
The director general of financial operations and debt management in the Central Bank of Iraq, Dr. Mahmoud Dagher, said that the lack of confidence of the citizen banks face all backward countries, including Iraq, where private banks grew in an unstable situation and despite all the changes and improvements, but banks are still unable On the confrontation, and we are still witnessing the dominance of government banks such as Rafidain and Rashid, on most deposits and banking assets and therefore this created a dilemma for private banks to play their part.
Dagher pointed to "bank irregularities of the instructions of the Central Bank, especially in the sale of the dollar, pointing to the transformation of Iraq into a market economy, which of its conditions supply and demand.
He said there is a high demand for the dollar because of the instability can not be restrained, pointing out that the former was the central bank before 2014 covers each quantity and now we do not cover the quantity required by the importers or who have assets or external transfers this pressure, the economy is
due lack of confidence The citizens of the banks to the following: - The
government does not pay the dues of the private sector, contractors and farmers despite the passage of long years to maturity, in addition to the lack of cash liquidity in banks, especially the civil ones, when reviewing the citizen to withdraw his money is shocked by the inability of the bank to meet its dues.
• The Iraqi citizen loses about 5% of his money because of exchange rate difference once deposit money in dollars in his bank account and then withdrawn, and this is a great suffering it, and the central bank to monitor the private banks and government in the installation and set a fixed ceiling for the amount of foreign exchange, Manipulation and corruption in this matter.
• The most serious situation faced by citizens with private banks is that they close and close their doors without warning and without any legal accountability to them, so we see that most citizens have fled dealing with private banks.
• The delay in the service and not keep pace with some banks to modernity and routine in the private banking system, which was supposed to overcome, and these things have their role and impact.
• Lack of awareness among individuals of the importance of a private banking sector. This view means the need to expand the scope of financial coverage, which means the delivery of banking services to all citizens, whether in the government or private sector.
The financial and economic adviser, Dr. Mazhar Mohammed Saleh, said that the manifestations of the compactness in Iraq take different dimensions, namely: self-compactness such as gold, jewelry and precious valuables, and the Iraqi dinar, which accounts for 77% of the currency exported outside the Central Bank of Iraq.
The stifling weakens the strength of the national economy by diverting its savings, which [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] the income and production dues, to stumbling leaks, in the income cycle, or weaken production opportunities and sustain economic activity.
Here is the demand for cash or money-like wealth for the purpose of hedging "uncertainties".
The history of the Iraqi banking has witnessed during the last century the phenomenon of exchanging gold in paper currency by placing gold as a hostage at the jeweler, or moneylenders for a riba interest, as the demand for money here helps through the guarantee of gold by extracting formal money from the cycle of monetary leaks to the spending cycle, Economic, but with illegal market instruments, and thus demand for cash for purposes of transactions but for courses of income is not necessarily complete and does not lead to real economic balance.
Saleh pointed to an important event in the history of the Iraqi economy, in the sixties of the last century, was established a government bank called the Mortgage Bank / a legal and official alternative to the phenomenon of moneylenders and the whole market is illegal, which provides loans guaranteed gold guaranteed by the Bank of mortgages, To keep the gold held by the Borrower until the maturity of the Loan or to pay for interest charged by the Borrowing Bank to cover the operating costs and part of the risk of fluctuating the value of the same security of the jewelry and gold bars occupied.
Saleh highlights the bank's cancellation at the beginning of the 1970s for unknown reasons.
Banks remained in a semi-banking relationship with customers in the provision of services, as bank funds or personal bank vaults remained available to citizens and available for use within each bank, especially government, including Rafidain and Rashid.
The citizen can keep his precious resources and important documents in safe places with 100% safety, for a monthly or annual fee.
The absence of this safe service cut off one of the bonds between the citizen and the bank as an entity that preserves the wealth of the society and strengthens the connection between the citizen and the bank.
Saleh called on the Iraqi Central Bank to directly study, granting vacation Iraqi bank mortgage, pledge of gold and jewelry to meet cash (which boosts bank credit and converts the semiconductor storehouse of wealth to a guarantor in the generation of power demand for money for the purposes of transactions and [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] economic activity.
Promised this thing one institutional channels To eliminate the phenomenon of compactness with money equivalent, gold and other, and maximize the atmosphere of confidence between banks and citizens, to receive their gold jewelry and other valuable valuables in the vaults of banks at affordable wages.
The citizens demanded the establishment of a deposit guarantee company to reassure their bank deposits of the risks of banks 'exposure and failures; because it reduces the demand for liquid cash as a catalyst, which is an unstable, highly concerned function that is highly correlated with the interpretation of uncertainty in individuals' demand for cash in its rolling form Or quasi-money, and to prevent the entry of the cycle of income and deprivation cycle of economic activity.
[size=16]Center for Economic Studies and
Research Center[/size]
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]
» utube MM&C 4/16/24 IQD Update - Iraq Dinar - America - Activate - Massive Economic Deals -
» utube MM&c 4/19/24 Iraqi Dinar - Private Sector - Economic Stability - Financial Reform - Al Sudan
» Iraq officially signs the “Singapore” agreement to resolve trade disputes
» Parliament Finance advises raising exchange rates again... What about oil revenues?
» Al-Sudani: Iraq is in the process of recovery and has taken its leading position that attracts work
» Al-Araji: Iraq is prepared to deal with all circumstances and seeks partnership with the United Stat
» Sudanese from Michigan: The government represents all components and is keen to take care of the aff
» Democratic Party: The "new generation" is the most corrupt and has dozens of cases in court
» What is the benefit of Iraq establishing a petrochemical plant in Egypt?!.. An oil expert explains
» A judicial delegation participates in the Permanent International Forum for Commercial Courts in Qat
» Al-Sudani: The government follows a balanced policy that makes Iraq a station for security
» Deduction of 160 million dinars from the salaries of MPs absent from Parliament sessions
» Central Bank: Washington praised Iraq's measures to resolve 80% of the financial transfer file
» Voices of Resilience: Al-Sudani’s frankness embarrasses the White House
» Al-Alaq confirms the formation of a committee between Baghdad and Washington regarding sanctions on
» Former MP: The Democrat will not hand over power after the regional elections
» Document/allocation of 20% of the lands of Al-Jawahiri Complex to employees of the Ministry of Defen
» Al-Hakim: Al-Sudani’s visit to Washington was a protocol and missed the two most important files
» Parliamentary Security: The National Security Service law will be voted on by Parliament soon
» Reconstruction and Housing: Zarbatieh residential project completed by 82%
» Al-Sudani reveals an intention to establish Al-Faw refinery with a capacity of 300 thousand barrels
» Government readiness to move the Doura refinery to an alternative location.. What are the conditions
» Al-Sudani’s visit to Washington.. Implications and results
» Association of Iraqi Private Banks: The suspension of some electronic payment services yesterday was
» Parliamentary memorandum.. Two solutions were before the Federal Court instead of removing the compo
» Blue fuel... Iraqi steps towards inexhaustible wealth for a century
» For fear of being "upset"... MPs "evade" signing to host Al-Sudani in Parliament
» Al-Sudani’s statement to convert 40% of Iraq’s exports into derivatives.. What does it have to do wi
» An Iraqi-American partnership to benefit from oil field gas
» The Minister of Commerce announces the distribution of the first payments of farmers’ dues for the 2
» Sudanese to members of the Iraqi community in the American city of Houston: Iraq has regained its he
» Romanski announces loans worth $50 million to support the Iraqi private sector
» Prime Minister: We plan to invest production capacities for export
» “Something happened” in Iran and no one is talking about Iraq and Syria. This is what we have so far
» Al-Sudani asks the American Baker Institute for assistance in preparing studies related to the oil m
» The Interior Ministry denies the occurrence of explosions inside Iraqi territory and diagnoses “the
» Tensions between Najaf and Baghdad over the airport... the rule of law over “military force” and the
» Al-Sudani from Washington: We agreed with Abu Dhabi on joint management of Al-Faw Port
» "Al-Party" talks about the region's elections and reveals the reason for refusing to pay salaries di
» Russia's oil is taking more of the Middle East's shares in the Indian market.. How much has Iraq los
» Early next month.. Traffic confirms that the electronic payment system is working only
» The Service Council accuses state departments of refraining from disbursing bonuses because of the m
» Electricity: The Baghdad street lighting campaign will be completed before the middle of this year
» Oil poses two conditions for moving the Doura refinery to an alternative location
» The Foreign Minister reveals the truth about his resignation and the reason for his departure to Erb
» Progress: Al-Halbousi’s acquittal has become conclusive, and his return to the presidency of Parliam
» Disagreements strike Al-Maliki's coalition over choosing the governor of Diyala
» The Union accuses Türkiye of exploiting the political situation for a ground incursion into Iraq
» The Democratic Party: Barzani is eagerly awaiting the results of Al-Sudani’s visit to Washington
» Frame: Al-Halbousi in the news and his return has become a pipe dream
» A parliamentary request to capitalize on Erdogan’s visit to Baghdad to end the water crisis
» Al-Sudani urges the US corporation Honeywell to help finish the Basra refinery
» Al-Sudani Meets with Representatives of Western Media Outlets in Washington
» Chairman of the Investment Authority signs the United Nations Convention on International Mediation
» PM: We will sign a contract to establish the Al-Faw refinery with a Chinese company
» PM arrives in Houston as part of his visit to USA
» Militia Man & Crew 4/18/24 Bush signed it and all presidents implemented it. Iraq’s funds have been
» Iraq is close to launching the electronic signature
» The Basra government discusses with an international oil company the implementation of social benefi
» The Prime Minister confirms to an American company: Gas projects in Iraq are a priority for the gove
» The Minister of Planning discusses with the World Bank mechanisms for scheduling external loans
» Oil sets the twenty-seventh of this month as the date for opening contracts for the fifth complement
» “Electronic begging”...professionalism and fabrication of stories” generates millions of dinars dail
» Al-Sudani calls on the American company Hanwell to contribute to the completion of the Basra refiner
» An American company expresses its willingness to establish LED lighting production lines in Iraq
» Including Iraq.. Iran announces the possibility of exporting 300 megawatts of “renewable electricity
» Political forces present two options to find an alternative to Al-Halbousi
» Parliament is awaiting the arrival of the budget schedules and the government is studying higher spe
» The International Monetary Fund adjusts its expectations for the development of the world’s economie
» A representative talks about the difficulty of finalizing the file of “electing the Speaker of Parli
» Work on preparing a law for diplomatic passports
» A female representative accuses the Ministry of Immigration of corruption
» Minister: Solving the Kurdistan salaries problem is the beginning of addressing other disputes betwe
» About 270 million dollars were sold by the Central Bank of Iraq in the currency auction
» The volume of trade exchange between Jordan and Iraq will exceed 800 million dinars in 2023
» Iraq signs memorandums of understanding with American companies in the fields of electricity, oil an
» The American company that manufactures the F16 expresses its readiness to implement the terms of con
» The volume of expected Qatari investments for the Iraq Fund for Development exceeds $3.5 billion
» Decrease in dollar prices in Baghdad and Erbil
» The President of the Region brings together the Kurdish parties to resolve the election file
» Al-Sudani receives in Washington the Chairman of JPMorgan
» Transport is starting to transform its ports into smart ones
» Sudanese reveals the volume of exchange with America
» "Al-Eqtisad News" publishes the memorandums of understanding signed between the Iraqi delegation and
» Al-Sudani urges an American company to contribute to establishing a chemical materials factory
» Iraq stresses the importance of Lockheed Martin's commitment to opening military aircraft maintenanc
» Iraq is on the verge of a “water disaster” by 2035
» Great satisfaction and optimism with the results of Sudanese’s visit to Washington
» Transport is beginning to adopt a plan to transform its ports into smart ones
» Completed 8,000 loan transactions at the Housing Bank
» Prime Minister: We plan to invest production capacities for export
» Transformation and partnership...a new horizon in Iraqi-American relations
» What is new in the economic dimension of the Washington visit?
» Two letters to the future
» National interests first
» Iraqi-American rapprochement...a national necessity
» Al-Sudani’s visit to Washington and the course of Iraqi-American relations
» Sudanese carries security, economic and development files to Washington