[size=41]A US bill on violence against Iraqi protesters includes the names of characters accused of killing protesters
2019-12-14
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The text of the US Congress Bill, "The 2019 Human Rights and Accountability in Iraq Act" and who are responsible for killing the demonstrators?
Representative Wilson from South Carolina submitted the following bill, which was referred to the Foreign Affairs Committee
The bill included a report describing whether some people meet the criteria that should be punished for violating the human rights of Iraqi demonstrators.
Congress finds:
(1) The Government of Iraq responded to protests in Baghdad, Babil, Basra, Maysan, Nasiriyah, Karbala, and Najaf from October 1 to November 2019, using unprecedented repressive measures against protesters including shooting, sniper fire, and other unlawful measures such as detention, mass arrests, and cutting public services such as electricity And the Internet.
(2) In accordance with United Nations Security Council Resolution 2470 (2019), the United Nations Assistance Mission in Iraq confirmed that 149 people were killed in early October and 97 others between October 25 and November 6, 2019, while more than 6,100 civilians were injured. . During the suppression of these protests. These human rights violations and violations resulted from the use of excessive force against demonstrators by Iraqi security forces.
(3) Since 2017, the Iraqi security forces allied to the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF), which consists mostly of Shiite militias backed by Iran, have committed unlawful and arbitrary killings, according to the U.S. State Department. Some reports indicate that fighters allied to PMF were behind sniper attacks on the roof in Baghdad in early October 2019 that targeted protesters. The Iraqi police also fired military-type tear gas canisters that were present in the bodies of the demonstrators. On October 8, 2019, the Iraqi army recognized the excessive use of force.
(4) The Iraqi government also suppressed freedom of expression during protests by detaining journalists, denying access to the Internet from October 3 to 9, 2019, and again since late October, attacking the media. These attacks included intimidation, harassment and the preparation of watchlists for journalists during a raid on satellite television stations in Baghdad.
(5) Qassem Soleimani, the commander of the Iranian Quds Force, traveled to Iraq in October 2019 and met with militia leaders in the PMF officially linked to the Iraqi Prime Minister, but many units maintain a command structure outside the official military command chain and make it directly linked to the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps. Both the crowd and the Iranian Revolutionary Guards established a joint operations cell in Baghdad on October 3, 2019, which may have directly contributed to the use of excessive force and snipers.
(6) The 2018 State Department reports on human rights practices concluded that “civilian authorities have not maintained effective control of some elements of the security forces, especially certain units of the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) that were allied with Iran. “.
(7) The Iranian government continues to intervene and maintain its influence with militia leaders and PMF commanders. This undermines the official Iraqi chain of command and contributes to the actions of the PMF, which uses repressive measures against Iraqi demonstrators to maintain Iranian agency power.
U.S. policy should be:
(1) Support democracy and human rights in Iraq, including the strong exercise by Iraqis of freedom of expression and assembly as guaranteed by the Iraqi constitution.
(2) Support calls for meaningful government reform to fight corruption and strengthen the rule of law and transparency.
(3) Condemn any and all attacks on peaceful demonstrators by the Iraqi authorities, militias, or others.
(4) Encouraging the rapid and full restoration of Internet services and measures that can be publicly verified by the Government of Iraq to protect media and medical personnel.
(5) Demanding accountability for individuals and entities directly and indirectly involved in the attacks and other human rights violations against peaceful Iraqi demonstrators.
(6) Maintaining a strong diplomatic presence throughout Iraq as a sign and tool for the commitment and influence of the United States in countering the malign effects in the region, helping Iraq maintain its full sovereignty, and contributing to the development of the health and corruption of a free economy that serves the Iraqi people.
Sanctions related to human rights violations against Iraqi demonstrators
(A) In general - no later than 90 days after the enactment of this law, the Secretary of State must submit to Congress a report containing-
(1) Indicate whether everyone is responsible for extrajudicial killings, torture or other gross violations of internationally recognized human rights in Iraq in relation to Iraqi protesters who have been seeking to exercise their internationally recognized rights and freedoms since October 2019; or has played an agent Or on behalf of a foreign person who has committed these violations;
(2) A list of Iraqi security forces units that the Minister of Foreign Affairs has and has reliable information indicating that these units have committed serious human rights violations in Iraq since October 2019.
(3) A testimony that these units have not received training, equipment or other assistance from the United States.
(B) The persons included in the list are:
(1) Leader of the Popular Mobilization Forces, Abu Mahdi Al-Muhandis (birth name Jamal Jaafar Ibrahim).
(2) Chief of Staff of the Office of the Prime Minister, Adel Abdul-Mahdi, Abu Jihad (name of birth, Muhammad al-Hashemi).
(3) The head of Asa’ib Ahl al-Haqq, Qais Khazali.
(4) Head of the Central Security Directorate in the Popular Mobilization, Abu Zainab Al-Lami (birth name Hussein Falah Al-Lami).
(5) Crowd Affairs Adviser to Prime Minister Abdel-Mahdi, Abu Muntazir Al-Husseini (name of the birthman, Tahseen Abed Matar Al-Aboudi).
(6) The head of the rapid response department at the Ministry of Interior, Abu Turab al-Husseini (birth name: Thamer Muhammad Ismail).
(7) The commander of Saraya al-Khorasani (Popular Mobilization Brigade 18), Hamid al-Jazaery.
(8) The leader of the Brigades of the Martyrs Brigade (Brigade of the Horde 14), Abu Alaa al-Wali (birth name Hashem Bunyan al-Saraji).
(9) Head of the Intelligence Directorate in the crowd, Abu Iman al-Bahadli.
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