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Kurdistan evaluates more than three decades of federalism
Iraq 2023/03/25
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Sulaymaniyah: Karim Al-Ansari
Human rights activists, activists, and representatives of religious minorities in the Kurdistan region renew their desire to be open to formulating a political and economic contract with Baghdad away from confusion of rights and serious work to do justice to the Kurdish society in order to achieve social justice, and while they referred to the Kurdish role in overthrowing the previous regime and making efforts for a democratic Iraq, they called To the necessity of adhering to the democratic experience since 1991 and preserving the region's institutions.
Legal expert Hawri Tawfiq from Sulaymaniyah said that the experience of the Kurdistan region is based on the will of the people in 1991, despite the current weaknesses.
Tawfiq said, in an interview with "Al-Sabah": "There is a strategic achievement for the region represented by holding free elections for the people of Kurdistan in 1992 and the formation of the cabinet of the Kurdistan government and parliament," noting that "the elections proved the real and democratic reality despite the previous regime's denial of it."
The legal expert pointed out that "most countries in the region and the world have dealt with the institutions of the region since that time, so that the turning point came in the region's participation in overthrowing the regime and building a new Iraq, while pursuing an independent oil policy despite the difficulties, which is tantamount to financial independence for the region," he said.
He added that "the most important weaknesses in the region is the civil war that was called "Brakozi", meaning the fight against the Brotherhood," noting that "the region has now recovered and is distinguished by a good relationship with America. Internally, the Kurdish society is calling for social justice and the building of rational governance based on competence and experience." ".
Yassin Aziz, a political researcher from Erbil, believes that "the Kurds were more stable than any other component in Iraq before the fall of the former regime, given that they built autonomy, an independent government administration, and an elected parliament since 1991."
Aziz added, to "Al-Sabah," "The Kurds have achieved political, material and moral gains with the regime change in Iraq, but with the passage of time the Kurds discovered that they did not achieve what was required or legitimate for them as full rights," recalling the directions of successive governments in Baghdad "not to grant the Kurds Their rights to evade the commitments of the political parties during the period of joint opposition to the former regime.
While the civil activist Nizar Muhammad from Sulaymaniyah said: "The experience of the Kurdistan region during the 32 years passed through several stages. From the national point of view, the Kurdish people gained their independence and some gains, and managed to save themselves from the Ba'ath authority that was planning to exterminate the Kurdish people," returning to "the experience of the region." Successful in this context, with some immature negatives as well, such as not applying Article 140.
He stated that "Kurdistan needs to establish a free economy and fight corruption, in addition to the need to establish serious relations with Baghdad, as it was better to start immediately after the fall of the previous regime and work to abolish the living class among the citizens in the region."
The civil activist for minority rights in the region, Rajab Asi Kaki, confirms that "the reality of peaceful coexistence in the Kurdistan region is much better than the rest of the regions in the Middle East, especially after the 1991 uprising and the formation of the parliament, as five quota seats were allocated to the Assyrians in the parliament of the Kurdistan region, and after the spring of 2003 The parliament of the Kurdistan region witnessed another change, which is the increase of the quota seats from five to eleven seats, as five seats were allocated to the Turkmen nationality and one seat to the Armenian nationality in the Kurdistan region.
As for religious freedom in the Kurdistan region, Kakii told Al-Sabah that "religious freedoms helped the emergence of groups that revealed their religious identity and were socially accepted throughout that period. In 2015, Law No. 5 was enacted to protect the rights of religious and national components in The Kurdistan region, where the aforementioned law was based, and there are representatives of the Zoroastrian, Baha’i, Jewish and Mandaean religions in the Ministry of Endowments and Religious Affairs in the Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq, and all religions in Kurdistan practice their rituals without obstacles or challenges.
Edited by: Ali Abdel-Khalek
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