Major General Jamal Al-Halbousi told Rudaw: Iran and Turkey violated the borders and deprived Iraq o

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[size=52]Major General Jamal Al-Halbousi told Rudaw: Iran and Turkey violated the borders and deprived Iraq of its legitimate right of water[/size]

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[size=45]Maad Fayyad

, an expert on borders and international waters, Major General Jamal al-Halbousi, confirmed that "the file of Iraqi borders and waters infiltrated in Iraq is very important and equal, if not more important, than what is happening on the internal political scene." He stressed that "what is happening in the Iraqi political arena does not reach the importance of 10% of this file, and I mean the file of borders and water and the violations and penetrations that cause drought and desertification, and the importance of this file also lies in economic security, which is more important than political security that can be resolved." Replacing parties and governments through elections.

Al-Halbousi said during his hosting on the Arab Twitter platform, Rudaw, to discuss the topic, “Iraq’s borders and waters are breached or respected?” That all Iraqi borders are breached by Iran, Turkey and Kuwait, and intact with Saudi Arabia and Jordan, and that our waters are stolen by upstream countries.” He blamed the Iraqi governments for not returning to the agreements signed between Iraq and neighboring countries.[/size]
[size=45]Iran has violated all agreements

. Regarding Iran’s violations of the borders, Al-Halbousi explained: “After all the agreements concluded by Iraq with Iran, the most recent of which was the Algiers Agreement in 1975, which defined 5 agreements and three protocols, including water and borders, was dropped by the Iranian artillery bombardment of Iraqi lands, because any violation of agreements and protocols is considered A violation of the borders, and Iran is bombing Iraqi lands in the Kurdistan Region, and this is a clear violation of all agreements.”[/size]
[size=45]The expert on borders and international waters stressed that “Iraq shares with Iran 42 rivers and watercourses indicated by the International Borders and Good Neighborliness Agreement called the Algiers Agreement of 1975, and divided according to different categories according to their sizes, lengths, and water flow quantities, with classifications (A - B - C) and defined by a complete and independent protocol. Iran has continued to reduce and cut off Iraq’s quotas from 1951 until now, diverting the courses of all these rivers into the Iranian interior, bypassing international rights and norms.[/size]
[size=45]Turkish Violations

With regard to the Turkish violations of the borders and on the Iraqi waters, Al-Halbousi said: “The Turkish army’s violation of the borders and its entry into Iraqi territory in the Kurdistan Region is a flagrant violation of the agreements.” He pointed out that "Iraq has agreements, protocols, minutes of meetings and good-neighborly relations with neighboring countries, foremost of which is Turkey, and therefore these countries must respect their signatures on the agreements. He cautioned that: "All of Iraq's borders are breached, except for our borders with Jordan and Saudi Arabia, which we can say are peaceful or calm."[/size]
[size=45]He added: "Turkey has crossed the Iraqi borders to the Ararat region since 1921, and we have many border problems with it, and there are good-neighborly treaties with Turkey, the most important of which is the 1946 agreement during the era of Prime Minister Nuri al-Said, which relates to borders and the issue of water."[/size]
[size=45]Al-Halbousi blamed “the Iraqi governments, as they are responsible for these violations, and they must return to the agreements concluded since 1923, the Lausanne Agreement and before it Sèvres, and the agreements signed later, all of which guarantee Iraq’s land and water rights, all of which were violated by Turkey.” He added: “As a soldier, I was an operations manager and I follow all the military movements that concern my country. I say that Turkey is not allowed to breach the borders under the pretext of pursuing the Turkish Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK).[/size]
[size=45]Our borders with Kuwait are not fair

, and about the Security Council’s interference in demarcating the borders between Iraq and Kuwait, Al-Halbousi said: “Security Council Resolution No. 833 of 1993 is the most severe executive decision against Iraq that has been taken in history.” He pointed out that: “Even in the two world wars and other wars, the Security Council did not interfere in the issue of borders, and this is a dangerous precedent, and our borders with Kuwait, when they were drawn, did not take place in the presence of the Iraqi side, and there was injustice in land and sea areas. The military shows that there is a difference of 5 to 7 kilometers.”[/size]
[size=45]He added: “Although the Security Council resolution when it was taken, Iraq was under Chapter VII and stripped of its sovereignty and has just emerged from the war, there are many countries, including Germany, that have returned the lands that were deducted from them after the Second World War. Noting that "Iraq fulfilled all its obligations with Kuwait and the border file remained, and until we extinguished the fire of sedition between peoples and not between governments, given that governments change and go and peoples remain, so the Iraqi and Kuwaiti peoples should think about this issue with reason, and the issue of silence must be taken in 1973 Which the Arab army entered under the guidance of the Arab League and determined the border line, and returning to this line is the best solution now.”[/size]
[size=45]Al-Halbousi pointed out that “there is an agreement that took place in 2008, which is a more humiliating agreement than others, the navigation agreement, which was signed by the Ministry of Transport, which neglected the joint administration and gave Kuwait the right to monopolize the Khor Abdullah, and there must be joint action between Iraq and Kuwait in this matter from the military aspect.” and navigation, establishing a fishing company, and the movement of fishermen in the two countries so that there is a fair work for both parties.”[/size]
[size=45]Iran and Turkey confiscated our

waters. Jamal al-Halbousi, an expert on borders and international waters, explained that: “The responsibility for water is shared, but Turkey and Iran have greatly exceeded Iraq’s water quotas and violated all international agreements on this issue, and Iraq has spared no effort to demand its water shares with neighboring countries: Turkey and Iran. And Syria, dozens of joint agreements and protocols on water were concluded, and a year passed without negotiations and meetings at different levels, technically, diplomatically and politically. However, these countries have for decades dominated their interests and future needs over the humanitarian situation, neighborhood rights and international water agreements such as the United Nations Agreement on Rivers and Sewers The non-navigational system signed in Geneva in 1997, which became binding on all riparian states.[/size]
[size=45]He stressed that “there is no agreement that allows the construction of dams or the change of river courses. Rather, there are provisions in the Agreement on Non-Navigational Rivers and Streams that specify several axes, including the equitable sharing of rivers from the source to the estuary, and do not allow the conduct of any irrigation or agricultural projects in the upstream countries ( Turkey-Iran) without consulting with the downstream countries (Iraq), establishing joint projects on the rivers to share the benefit and harm, preventing the arbitrary use of water and reducing or cutting rivers from the downstream countries, and the upstream countries bear any harm to the citizens of the downstream country.[/size]
[size=45]He pointed out that "we have with Turkey eight rivers, two main ones, the Tigris and the Euphrates, and the proportions of Iraq's share of them have been reduced to less than 40%, and it has also reduced the quantities of the rest of the rivers after rain-harvesting dams and cut-off dams were established to reduce Iraq's shares of them."[/size]
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