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Desertification threatens the agricultural reality and portends great economic losses
Economical 2023/03/25
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Haider Fleeh Al-Rubaie
Experts in agricultural affairs stressed the need to put appropriate sums of money in the general budget to combat desertification and water scarcity, stressing the need to intensify government measures that would increase farmers’ dependence on modern technologies capable of increasing land yields, while they emphasized the existence of close links between agricultural reality And sustainable development, they proposed a set of solutions to confront the drought, including the cultivation of vast areas of desert land.
Recently, the volume of claims made by many specialists and experts in various fields has multiplied over the need to intensify government measures aimed at confronting climate changes, limiting the advance of desertification, and minimizing the damages of this matter on the agricultural reality, especially after the concerns that I raised earlier. Director General of the Department of Forestry and Combating Desertification in the Ministry of Agriculture, who pointed out that “the area of desertified land amounts to 27 million dunums, which is equivalent to about 15% of the country’s area, warning that approximately 55% of Iraq’s area is considered lands threatened by desertification.”
The Dean of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences at the University of Baghdad, Dr. Kazem Daily Hassan, believes during his interview with Al-Sabah that “water scarcity is not recent, and that the Ministry of Resources has strategic studies to confront this crisis, but the basis for the matter is diplomatic understanding with neighboring countries, and the launch of quotas.” water according to
as defined by international law.
Hassan pointed out that there is a massive decrease in the levels of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and in the face of that, Iraq has nothing but the use of modern irrigation technologies, with the aim of sustaining agricultural production, especially drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, and we put forward a project at the previous time, which concluded that the Ministry of Agriculture should target lands The most fertile in the country due to the sustainability of its production and the increase in its yields, as the highest-yielding lands usually give the highest production, and this matter will contribute to the success of the seasonal agricultural plans of the Ministry, and will thus lead to the provision of necessary crops in the local markets and reduce the volume of imports.
Hassan also stressed the need to support and encourage agricultural operations in desert lands and the exploitation of groundwater that is available in large quantities in many of these areas, revealing in this regard that nearly two million dunums of wheat are being cultivated in the desert areas located between the governorates of Karbala and Najaf, according to the sprinkler irrigation system.
The Dean of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences indicated that, according to studies prepared by experts and specialists, Iraq has large groundwater, especially in the areas of Samawah, which is the lowest point and can be exploited to a large extent in the cultivation of important varieties, and to reproduce the experience of Karbala, which succeeded within two years in exploiting vast desert lands. .
Hassan pointed out that the government is working well on the service side, and I do not expect it to skimp on anything on the agricultural side to secure the food basket for citizens, stressing that the planning of the Ministry of Agriculture is very sound in various fields that would provide the internal requirements of foodstuffs that can be grown in the country. Stressing that the main goal of developing agricultural reality is to enable farmers to use advanced technologies that can double land yields and provide the local market’s needs for agricultural products, indicating that agriculture is an integrated package of modern technologies and smart fertilizers, but unfortunately the farmer still relies heavily on fertilizers. Which loses 50% of its value as soon as it is used, stressing the need to go to organic agriculture, bio- and smart fertilizers, and to educate farmers on these modern technologies to increase yields and production.
And the advisor at the Ministry of Agriculture, Dr. Mahdi Damad Al-Qaisi, had indicated earlier to “Al-Sabah” that “Iraq’s identity is agricultural and will remain so, and that all the elements for the advancement of this sector are available, provided that plans, programs and strategies that aim to rationalize and ration water use are changed, and in the form in which It is compatible with the water crisis and the lack of revenues coming into the country.
Al-Qaisi acknowledged the size of the risks that could face the agricultural sector as a result of climate change, stressing that these changes greatly affected this sector and caused extensive losses, so a complete shift should be made towards sprinkler, drip, and developed surface irrigation.
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