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A scientific conference in Baghdad discusses the changes in the "crippled countries"
Iraq 07/04/2023
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Safaa Diab
concluded in Baghdad last week; The fifth scientific conference held by the Iraqi Society for Political Psychology in cooperation with the Iraqi Al-Amal Association, entitled (Social and Political Change in Crippled Countries... Motives, Paths and Endings), with the participation of 16 researchers in various disciplines of human sciences.
In his speech introducing the conference, the head of the Iraqi Society for Political Psychology, Dr. Faris Kamal Nazmi, said: This conference started from a basic premise that “social and political change” becomes one of the most feasible concepts worthy of a specialized scientific approach, in countries described as crisis. And failure and fragility due to the social and political instability prevailing in it, including Iraq, with the realization that this concept opens up branching, unlimited research possibilities in its theoretical and applied backgrounds.
16 researchers in 3 sessions
16 researchers from inside Iraq (Baghdad, Samawah, Karbala, Nasiriyah, Tikrit, and Kut) participated in the conference in various disciplines of human sciences. They presented 14 research papers in the disciplines of philosophy, politics, sociology, anthropology, psychology, and literary criticism. The conference sought to work on a concept/phenomenon. “Change” from multiple specialized academic perspectives, trying to examine the causes and climates that drive this change, how it came to be, the paths it might take, its consequences, and the resulting outputs of various possibilities in crisis countries.
The conference lasted 6 hours, in three sessions:
- The first session: Social and political change in Iraq: the movement of cultures and identities.
The second session: Social and political change: the global phenomenon and the plurality of specializations.
- Third session: Social and political change in Iraq: questions in the crisis of the state, power and society.
specialized axes
The first session was moderated by Dr. Khalil Ibrahim Rasool, with the participation of five researchers: d. Saeed Adnan al-Mahna, with his study “The Structure of Tyranny in Iraqi Society Between Persistence and Change,” and Dr. Shaker Shaheen, “Cultural Shock and Social Change in Iraq,” and Dr. Ali Hakim Saleh, “The Effectiveness of Iraqi Culture in Social Change: A Study in the Cases of Ali Al-Wardi and the Popular Heritage Magazine,” and Dr. Muhammad Hammoud Ibrahim Al-Sahr, “The Political Investment of Traditional Culture in Iraq: A Socio-Cultural Reading of the Movements of Progress and Regression of the State and Society in Iraq,” and Dr. Abd al-Azim Jabr Hafez, “Political Change and the Iraqi National Identity: A Study of the Constitutional Orientations Before and After 2003.”
While Dr. Jassim Muhammad Eidi presented the second session, in which Dr. Ali Abboud Al-Muhammadawi, “Democracy and the Crisis of Change: An Essay on What is in the System and What Should be in the Movement,” and Dr. Jaafar Najm Nasr, “Ideologians and Sufis: Controversies of Change in Islamic Discourse,” and Dr. Muthanna Faeq Merhi and Dr. Tamara Kazem Al-Asadi, “The Future of Political Transformations in Iran between Economic Pressures and Change,” and Dr. Salah Adnan Nasser, “Erosion of Political Trust and its Relationship to Socio-political Change: A Theoretical Study,” and Dr. Louay Khazal Jabr, “The Individual and Changing the World: Social Heroism and Social and Political Changes.”
The third and closing session was moderated by Dr. Louay Khazal Jabr, with the participation of Dr. Hussein Ahmed Dakhil Al-Sarhan, “The Economic Motives for Political Change in Iraq: A Reading in Post-Conflict Economic Challenges,” and Dr. Adnan Sabih Thamer, “Elections and Public Legitimacy: Democratic Mechanisms Undermined by the Conflict in Iraq,” and Dr. Malik Shanchoul Beday, “The Role of Iraqi Institutions in Promoting / Reducing Social Hierarchy: A Comparative Study of the Dynamics of Social Change,” and finally, Dr. Fares Kamal Nazmi and Dr. Mazen Hatem, “Populist Attitudes and Belief in Conspiracy Theory among the Sadrists and Communists in Iraq: A Psychological Approach to Some of the Inciting and Inhibiting Factors for Believing in Political Change.”
Transformations in the Iraqi identity
In his research paper, Dr. Abd al-Azim Jabr Hafez, a professor specializing in political systems at “Al-Nahrain University”, tried to explain the most important political transformations that occurred in the Iraqi identity through his reading of the transformations of Iraqi constitutions, saying: The establishment of the Iraqi state permeated an absence or weakness of awareness The political-cultural of national identity.The narrow “sub-affiliation” remained dominant over the obsession of the social components, and this was evident in the Iraqi constitutions from the 1925 constitution to the 2005 constitution. Since 1921, Iraq has not succeeded in establishing a rational and rational political system that faces and finds solutions to its problems, especially the “national identity.” He added that since the constitution is considered a basic document for the rules and pillars of the modern state, because it represents a reflection of the political-socio-cultural reality, the national identity remained a controversial issue, as the modern Iraqi state was built before the establishment of the Iraqi national identity. An Iraqi national identity in the Iraqi constitutions until 2003, due to several variables, the most important of which are: the “ideological variable,” the “elite variable,” and the “historical variable.”
Talk of Philosophy
Whereas Prof. Dr. Ali Aboud Al-Muhammadawi, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Baghdad, explained in his paper “Democracy and the Crisis of Change: An Essay on What is in the System and What Should be in it,” that the problem of political change is at the level of the regime or movement one of the most important The topics discussed by political philosophy in terms of motives, mechanisms, and goals, indicating that political change in its various forms is not an event or a new demand. Three angles: political change towards democracy, political change within democracy, and political change away from democracy.
Al-Muhammadawi added: If we look closely at the history of political systems and transformations at the level of theory and application; We would find that the two aspects are related to salvation at times and to historical conditions at other times. Oppression, disparity, injustice, violence, weakness, ruin and corruption are all causes of the demand for salvation. Salvation from tyranny and other regimes that fail is by resorting to democracy, and this is right in some ways and wrong in others. Because human political experiences at the level of systems are not limited to the success of democracy and the failure of everything else, as the opposite can be true.
Culture shock
In his study on culture shock, Dr. Shaker Shaheen said: It occurs when members of a group feel that they are subject to a horrific event that left indelible marks on their collective consciousness, imprinted in their memories forever and changed their identity in fundamental and indelible ways, according to theorists such as Jeffrey Alexander and "Ron Ehrman", what follows the culture shock is a state of social change that is distributed in four characteristics, which is that the change is "sudden, comprehensive, fundamental and unexpected."
Researcher Shaheen argued about the importance of the historical moment that Iraq has experienced since 2003, which is considered a state of cultural shock that changed the face of Iraq to another, new Iraq under a democratic system, but it carried all the burdens of the past that resulted in crises from which the country is still suffering until this moment. Transformations to anticipate the image of an Iraq that has changed and is still in the process of change due to the constant struggle between the poles of power and society.
Controversies of Islamic discourse
Whereas, Dr. Jaafar Najm Nasr's study, on the debates of Islamic discourse, was based on the meanings and interpretations presented by this discourse, indicating that this discourse was not a single, homogeneous bloc, but rather was expressing, in fact, two contradictory, even conflicting discourses. One of them is what we term “ideological Islam,” and opposite that stands what we term “mystical Islam.”
And he indicated that examining both discourses provides us with extensive theoretical and field material on the sum of these experiences, which provide us with expanded perspectives on “religious ideology”, “religious memory” and the “political religion” envisaged by the two discourses, in addition to providing an analytical vision of what is happening in Several countries in crisis do not live in political or social stability. The research also stopped at the sources of religious ideology, and presented foundational and modern models in this regard and for both discourses.
The research was conducted through a hundred round tables, away from the authority of the conferences. Rather, the discussion was the main present in order to understand these transformations and the changes that occurred in an ever-bully country like Iraq because of the permanent transitions in its political systems, and starting over with each new phase and authority. New.
Early founding
The Iraqi Association for Political Psychology was established on July 30, 2017, in the Forum of Hope in the center of the capital, Baghdad. Religious, ethnic, class, or geographical reality may produce, in an effort to reform the psychopolitical structure in Iraq, devoting the energy of thought and practice to achieve its adopted vision: “Towards a humane political culture that achieves the dignity of society and the rationality of the state.” The association is the first of its kind at the level of Iraq and the Arab world. In terms of its precise specialization, it deals with political phenomena through analysis
and disclosure.
In words of deep meaning, we recall the words of the President of the Society, Dr. Faris Kamal Nazmi, during the ceremony announcing its founding in 2017: “Times of flesh and blood burned to the core, in the midst of a social fabric torn apart by wars and political conflicts in front of the eyes of a despondent person who breathes deprivation, helplessness, injustice, depression and alienation, and suffers the absence of the role, the fragmentation of identity, the cracking of social memory and the disintegration of meaning Life.. Amidst this Iraqi tragedy, the association was established as a civil, reformist, psychological, cultural group that believes that psychological scientific knowledge has effective reforming energies that qualify it to transcend any political, religious, ethnic, or class boundaries that reality may produce, in an effort to reform the psychopolitical structure.
The organization's goals
The founding members of the association, Dr. Louay Khazal and Dr. Jassim Muhammad Eidy, we have announced the objectives of the association, indicating that it is concerned with studying and analyzing psychological problems and phenomena resulting from the exchange of influence between politics and society, as well as providing scientific advice to formal and informal institutions and enlightening them on the psychological foundations of political behavior, in a way that consolidates the concepts of justice and freedom and strengthens the community fabric, with Spreading a humane, social, political culture based on developing human awareness of his responsibility for the affairs of the nation, as well as stimulating the motives for peaceful political participation among citizens, and encouraging the emergence of various intellectual currents in a way that enriches knowledge in the field of political psychology, and contributes to theorizing psychological concepts with a local identity.
The association also aims to establish coordinating and interactive ties with research centers and social sciences departments in universities, in a way that contributes to spreading scientific thinking and a culture of equality, rejecting discrimination and violence, as well as stimulating joint academic work in the disciplines of psychology, social sciences, politics and history, in order to establish the research relationship between them. In an effort to suggest deeper intellectual perceptions of the overall political and social history of Iraq.
Edited by: Muhammad Al-Ansari
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