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The importance of supplementary irrigation in stabilizing agricultural production
20/8/2018 12:00 am [rtl] Abtaj Abdul Mahdi Saleh Iraq depends on securing its water needs on 3 main sources are surface water resources represented by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and their tributaries and the second source of rain and the third underground water located in the ground. The bulk of Iraq is under the conditions of production is inappropriate and subject to fluctuation amounts of rainfall falling annually, in addition to all the water revenues of the Euphrates River originated from outside Iraq and 68 percent of the water revenues of the Tigris from the outside; and reflects the extent of Iraq's water revenues from These rivers to the will and interests of multiple countries . Hence the importance of supplementary irrigation in Iraqi agriculture in order to stabilize agricultural production and increase, and this gives a wide opportunity to increase the efficiency of water exploitation; what is supplementary irrigation? . Supplementary irrigation is the addition of a quantity of irrigation water to the soil during the plant growth season to cover the water needs of agricultural crops when the rainfed lava requirements of the plant in other words is the provision of additional water for the stability of production and increase under normal conditions where the production can not produce rain Available. The benefits of using irrigation are to obtain the highest yield for the crop, including: 1. Encourage the expansion of the use of modern means of production such as agricultural mechanization, the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the agricultural production processes, which may help to increase productivity in the unit area with the possibility of horizontal expansion in agriculture. 2. Helps to choose the most suitable dates to grow the crop by ensuring the addition of one or more rain when the rain stops at the beginning of the season or at the end. 3. Minimizes the risk element in agriculture, may come from irregular rain during some seasons by adding amounts of water support. 4. Increasing the efficiency of agricultural water use for crop production. 5. The importance of supplemental irrigation is limited to compensating for water shortage that does not absorb the falling rain by providing it to complete the growth or plant cultivation. Of the elements of supplementary irrigation and the existence of sources of water and quantities sufficient to use when the need arises and requires prior exploration and study of groundwater and attention to rationalize the uses of surface water and reuse of wastewater. Water supply should be sufficient to meet the expected irrigation needs. The quality of the water used is important if low quality water is used, which is negatively reflected on production because the problems of using such water vary in quality, degree of risk to plant and impact In the ability of soil to leak and enforce water . The toxic effect of some ions has risks and adverse consequences for the plant. Low quality water can lead to dense vegetative growth of the plant, which reduces the production of the economic part of the crop. It can also lead to overgrazing or delay the maturity of the crop as a result of the addition of nutrients more than required or work to leave some salt deposits on the leaves and fruits of the plant. Supplementary Irrigation Economics Supplementary irrigation works to increase production yield. At the same time, some new expenditures may include the cost of installation of irrigation equipment / irrigation, fertilizer value, etc., but to a lesser degree of yield, which is the most profitable and most profitable. At the highest possible productivity. The need for Iraq to rationalize the use of water available from the main sources of rivers, rain and groundwater continued to produce various crops accompanied by a decline in the rate of available water resources, which depend heavily on agriculture in their sustainable development. * In cooperation with the Agricultural Training and Extension Service[/rtl] [rtl][You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] [/rtl] |
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