[size=30]American analyzes compare the wars in Iraq and Ukraine and reveal that Saddam fell into the trap of being deceived by Iran
[ltr]2023.03.21 - 09:14[/ltr]
[/size]
[ltr]2023.03.21 - 09:14[/ltr]
[/size]
[You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]
Baghdad - people
It has been 20 years since the United States invaded Iraq, and just over a year since Russia invaded Ukraine. Some believe that Washington's mislearning of lessons from Iraq is linked in one way or another to the war on Ukraine and that Saddam Hussein was trying to deceive Iran by claiming to have lethal weapons, but he fell into a suicide trap that killed him and caused great damage to America along with himself, according to analyzes published by major news organizations in the United States. .
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]
The administration of former President George W. Bush was often accused of bad faith when it decided to overthrow Saddam Hussein's regime: the analyzes ranged from highlighting Washington's desire to seize Iraq's oil on the one hand, and to achieving a "neo-conservative" view of the Middle East and the world on the other.
However, Stephen Wertheim, a senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and visiting lecturer at Yale Law School and Catholic University, blames prominent officials in Washington from both parties, especially Republicans, for the war on Iraq.
But he takes his analysis to a broader horizon: Wertheim believes in an article published by "Foreign Affairs" on Friday that the main reason for the war on Iraq is the attempt to build the United States' geopolitical supremacy in the Middle East and the world after the fall of the Soviet Union.
A "victim" of the post-Cold War system
According to Wertheim's narrative, supported by US officials, preparations for the war on Iraq began in 1992. At that time, Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney and his deputy Paul Wolfowitz and Chief of Staff of the US Forces Colin Powell worked on setting up an American strategy for the post-Cold War. At the time, Powell said that the United States should have "enough strength" to "deter any challenger from even dreaming of challenging us on the world stage."
At that time, Cheney instructed his deputy to draft a "Defense Planning Manual", which is a comprehensive framework for US security policy. The goal of these personalities was to move preemptively and prevent potential competitors from aspiring to a regional or international role. In 1997, thinkers William Kristol and Robert Kagan founded the "Project for the New American Century," an opinion foundation that warned of the danger of Saddam's Iraq "almost certainly" obtaining weapons of mass destruction. In a paper signed by Wolfowitz and Donald Rumsfeld, who would later become Secretary of Defense and others, To change the Iraqi regime.
With the September 11 attacks, this requirement became viable. Hours after the collapse of the World Trade Center, Rumsfeld was promoting striking Iraq as well and not only targeting the "Al Qaeda" organization, according to what the writer quoted from one of Rumsfeld's aides.
According to Wertheim's analysis of the American view, "showing strength" by invading Iraq was the only effective way to deter other powers from thinking of competing with America in the long run and to compensate for the erosion of prestige they faced in 2001.
Wertheim also writes that the real concern of any potential Iraqi program of weapons of mass destruction is not so much its use to attack the United States as it is a deterrent to American supremacy in the region. He criticized the Bush administration for not knowing the size of the cost it would pay in the war on Iraq, and for not knowing that Saddam was deceiving when he talked about a nuclear program in order to strengthen his position towards Iran.
It is easy to talk about what the United States should have known after years of war. Saddam's deception was confirmed after the invasion, not before it.
What Wertheim also did not mention (perhaps due to space constraints) is that defectors from Saddam's army were subjected to lie detector tests when they spoke about the program of mass destruction, and those tests did not show that they were lying. The United States also intercepted communications between Saddam regime officials alluding to the existence of such a program. Saddam was talking about the program in front of his aides to send messages of strength to Iran, messages that he later fell victim to.
The repercussions of the intelligence mistakes that the United States made before invading Iraq accompanied it for a long time. Few trusted American data about Russia's imminent invasion of Ukraine. Even the US's European allies were skeptical of her warnings.
But this time America was right. Russia really invaded Ukraine. On the other hand, Russian intelligence failed colossally. Despite all the intelligence advantages that Russia possessed relatively compared to the situation of the United States in Iraq, that is, the geographical proximity to Ukraine, the cultural and social ties with it, and the possession of intelligence elements in eastern Ukraine, Moscow failed to know the extent of the resistance that the Ukrainians, especially the Russian-speaking people, would show. It is clear that the United States has learned a lot on the intelligence level since the beginning of the millennium. Most likely it wasn't a fluke.
It seems that China got angry with Russia when Washington warned of Beijing's possible support for Moscow militarily. China wanted this likely support to remain secret, but Washington was able to monitor its indicators, according to the "Economist" magazine.
Other reasons for the ambiguity of Saddam's plans
Wertheim also noted that it is difficult to know how much weight the administration placed in making the war decision on the possibility that Saddam would one day help terrorists attack the United States. According to Wertheim, “The probability was always entirely speculative, although policy makers did not want to suffer another 'imaginary failure' after failing to anticipate how commercial aircraft could be hijacked and turned into missiles.”
However, the decision-makers' desire to avoid another scenario similar to the September 11 attacks does not strip this "conjecture" from its potential, especially since the world has become more tense in terms of security after the attacks. During the following year, terrorist organizations launched several attacks around the world, killing hundreds of people, including 30 Americans. The obsession with repeating the September 11 scenario in a different form was present, if not dominant, in decision-making in Washington. On the other hand, the United States suspected that Abu Musab al-Zarqawi had found refuge in Saddam's Iraq in 2002.
In addition, the suspicions of Saddam developing weapons of mass destruction were not unfounded. The former Iraqi president previously used chemical weapons against Iran as well as against his own citizens in the late 1980s. Saddam believed that his chemical weapons program was what deterred the United States from overthrowing his regime in 1991. That was completely wrong. In addition to Saddam's burning of documents, which made it difficult for UN inspectors to trust the evidence he destroyed after 1991, the world did not realize the scope of Iraq's former biological weapons program until after the defection of the former president's son-in-law and Minister of Military Industry, Hussein Kamel, in 1995.
On the other hand, Haass presents in "Project Syndicate" a less "ideal" critical view. First, not all officials in Washington had a uniform view of the war. Bush was more enthusiastic about spreading democracy, and Rumsfeld was more afraid of cooperation between Saddam and terrorists, while Hass is skeptical about the issue of spreading democracy and the possibility of Saddam's cooperation even with extremist organizations.
Indeed, what Haass drew attention to was the level of divergence of views within the Bush administration, as mentioned by other observers. Some think that Colin Powell did not want war, but he did not have the courage to dissuade Bush from his decision. While others believe that Rumsfeld was more cautious than Bush and National Security Adviser Condoleezza Rice about dealing with Iran after the fall of Saddam.
Haass also notes the error of leftists when they accuse Washington of seeking Iraqi oil: “Narrow commercial interests are not generally what drives US foreign policy, especially when it comes to the use of military force. Instead, interventions are based and motivated by (related to) strategic considerations.” , ideology, or both. Indeed, former President Donald Trump criticized his predecessors for not claiming a share of Iraq's oil reserves."
Haas believed that the administration erred in calculating the worst scenario as the basis for its war (development of a clash of weapons and his desire to cooperate with al-Qaeda) and, on the contrary, it erred in relying on the least bad scenario for post-war expectations (lack of resistance).
The debate in the United States will not end soon over the mistakes the United States committed, whether in thinking about war, preparing for it, or executing it. Most senior members of the Bush administration, including the former president himself, have admitted that they made many serious mistakes. However, Saddam's problem remains that he bet on a "suicide game" at bad timing, and lost his bet. The loss was costly to the United States and Iraq as well.
This cost was one of the reasons why Russian President Vladimir Putin believed that Washington and its allies would not come to Kiev's aid. Ultimately, as the United States did in Iraq, the Kremlin justified its invasion of Ukraine as preemptive. However, any perceived danger that could arise from Ukraine's choice to join NATO (one day) was much less than the danger posed by Saddam's regime, at least in the context of the global atmosphere of terrorism at the time and in the context of the former Iraqi president sending ambiguous signals regarding his program. The way to respond to that danger will remain for a long time subject to debate and response.
about extracting lessons
According to Wertheim, it is not enough that Washington has learned the lesson about not imposing democracy with a gun and the difficulty of applying the concept of building states abroad, and in general about the policy of regime change. He believes that the subsequent administrations could not completely get out of the mentality of that war.
"the day"
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]
Yesterday at 5:05 am by Rocky
» utube 11/13/24 MM&C MM&C News-Private Sector- Electronic Payments-Reconstruction-Development-Digit
Yesterday at 4:54 am by Rocky
» utube MM&C 11/15/24 Update-Budget-Non Oil Resources-CBI-USFED-Cross Border Transfers-Oil
Yesterday at 4:53 am by Rocky
» Al-Sudani is besieged by lawsuits over the “wiretapping network”... and Al-Maliki heard “inappropria
Yesterday at 4:49 am by Rocky
» Tens of thousands of foreigners work illegally in Basra... and the departments will bear the respons
Yesterday at 4:47 am by Rocky
» 4 reasons for the Sudanese government’s silence in the face of the factions’ attacks.. Will Baghdad
Yesterday at 4:46 am by Rocky
» PM's advisor: Government able to increase spending without inflation or fiscal deficit
Yesterday at 4:43 am by Rocky
» Prime Minister stresses the need to complete 2024 projects before the end
Yesterday at 4:41 am by Rocky
» Minister of Labor sets date for launching second batch of social protection beneficiaries in the pol
Yesterday at 4:40 am by Rocky
» Al-Sudani approves 35 new service projects, stresses the need to complete 2024 projects
Yesterday at 4:38 am by Rocky
» Minister of Labor: The population census will provide accurate calculations of poor families covered
Yesterday at 4:36 am by Rocky
» Electricity announces its readiness for the winter peak
Yesterday at 4:35 am by Rocky
» Economist: Parallel market remains pivotal to financing Iraq’s trade with Iran, Syria
Yesterday at 4:34 am by Rocky
» Trump: Iraq: A subsidiary or the focus of major deals?
Yesterday at 4:32 am by Rocky
» Counselor Mazhar Saleh: The government is able to increase spending without causing inflation or a f
Yesterday at 4:30 am by Rocky
» Al-Sudani's advisor to "Al-Maalouma": We do not need to bring in foreign workers
Yesterday at 4:29 am by Rocky
» Parliamentary Rejection.. Parliamentarian Talks About Jordanian Agreement That Harms Iraq’s Economy
Yesterday at 4:28 am by Rocky
» Al-Sudani chairs the periodic meeting of the service and engineering effort team
Yesterday at 4:26 am by Rocky
» Al-Sahaf: Washington continues to support terrorist organizations in Iraq
Yesterday at 4:25 am by Rocky
» Al-Maliki Coalition: America is trying to make Iraq hostile to its neighbors by violating its airspa
Yesterday at 4:24 am by Rocky
» Close source: Al-Sudani failed to convince Al-Hakim and Al-Amiri to carry out the ministerial reshuf
Yesterday at 4:23 am by Rocky
» Al-Sayhoud on Postponing Parliament Sessions: Bad Start for Al-Mashhadani
Yesterday at 4:22 am by Rocky
» Peshmerga Minister: The survival of the Kurdistan Region depends on the presence of a strong Peshmer
Yesterday at 4:21 am by Rocky
» Al-Maliki Coalition: US pressures prevent Israel from striking Iraq
Yesterday at 4:20 am by Rocky
» Nechirvan Barzani calls for keeping Peshmerga out of partisan conflicts, urges formation of 'strong
Yesterday at 4:18 am by Rocky
» US Institute: Trump administration may prevent Iraq from importing Iranian gas as part of pressure o
Yesterday at 4:16 am by Rocky
» The meter will visit families again.. Planning details the steps for conducting the population censu
Yesterday at 4:15 am by Rocky
» Government clarification: Is Iraq able to increase spending?
Yesterday at 4:14 am by Rocky
» Iraq advances over China.. Iran's trade exchange witnesses growth during October
Yesterday at 4:13 am by Rocky
» Al-Sudani approves 35 new service projects and begins implementing them within 10 days
Yesterday at 4:12 am by Rocky
» Al-Sudani and Al-Hakim discuss developments in the political scene and the results of the visit to K
Yesterday at 4:08 am by Rocky
» Minister of Labor: Government measures contributed to reducing the poverty rate from 22% to 16.5%
Yesterday at 4:06 am by Rocky
» Al-Maliki calls for strengthening national dialogue and unity to overcome the current stage
Yesterday at 4:05 am by Rocky
» Al-Sudani stresses the importance of accuracy and specifications in service and engineering projects
Yesterday at 4:04 am by Rocky
» Baghdad Governor: 169 projects are listed for referral and contracting
Yesterday at 4:01 am by Rocky
» Industry confirms success by signing 4 investment contracts for strategic industries
Yesterday at 3:59 am by Rocky
» Parliament confirms its support for conducting the general population census and decides to resume s
Yesterday at 3:58 am by Rocky
» Parliament gains a "holiday and a half"... Half of the "extended" legislative term passes without se
Yesterday at 3:55 am by Rocky
» Find out the exchange rates of the dollar against the dinar in the Iraqi stock exchanges
Yesterday at 3:54 am by Rocky
» Al-Maliki describes tribes as a "pillar" for confronting challenges in Iraq
Yesterday at 3:53 am by Rocky
» The plan in the "distribution method".. A representative describes the "investment achievement" as n
Yesterday at 3:51 am by Rocky
» Iraq is ahead of China in trade exchange with Iran.. These are the numbers
Yesterday at 3:49 am by Rocky
» MM&C 11/14/24 Central Bank Governor Urges Türkiye to Open Accounts for Iraqi Banks
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:50 am by Rocky
» MM&C 11/14/24 Trump and the Iraqi Banks Puzzle
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:49 am by Rocky
» New decline in gold in Iraq.. and globally records the worst week in 3 years
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:40 am by Rocky
» Monitoring body approves 2023 imports annual report
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:39 am by Rocky
» Development Road: Faw Port Ignites Regional Corridor Race
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:37 am by Rocky
» First in Iraq... Diyala sets a plan for "rural reconstruction"
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:35 am by Rocky
» Al-Saadi: Influential parties are working to erase the theft of the century file
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:34 am by Rocky
» MP: Baghdad supports the "Diyala Artery" project with 40 billion dinars
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:33 am by Rocky
» Source: General amnesty law will pave the way for the return of terrorist groups
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:32 am by Rocky
» The Prime Minister stresses the need to expedite the completion of the requirements for restructurin
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:30 am by Rocky
» Minister of Resources: The project to develop the left side of the Tigris River has reached its fina
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:28 am by Rocky
» Foreign Minister: We are proceeding with implementing the associated gas exploitation program
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:27 am by Rocky
» Swiss Ambassador Expresses His Country's Desire to Invest in Iraq
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:25 am by Rocky
» "We left the camel and its load" .. Moroccan farmers await "imminent compensation" from Iraq
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:24 am by Rocky
» OPEC sues Iraqi minister over oil violations.. What is Kurdistan's involvement?
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:23 am by Rocky
» Iraq warns of 'dire consequences' of imposing barriers to plastic products
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:22 am by Rocky
» Iranian newspaper: Iraq's development path is a step towards regional economic integration
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:21 am by Rocky
» Al-Mandlawi discusses with the Russian ambassador developing relations in the fields of economy, inv
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:19 am by Rocky
» Oil Minister discusses with Dutch Ambassador strengthening bilateral relations
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:17 am by Rocky
» The Minister of Oil discusses with the companies "+dss" and "Xergy", joint cooperation to develop th
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:16 am by Rocky
» Rafidain Bank announces a plan to include other branches in the implementation of the comprehensive
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:15 am by Rocky
» With the presence of the opposition... Baghdad supports the partnership government in Kurdistan
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:13 am by Rocky
» Parliamentary move to raise retirement age in state institutions to 63 years
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:12 am by Rocky
» Through leaks.. Warnings against creating political crises as parliamentary elections approach
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:11 am by Rocky
» Iraqi oil returns to decline in global markets
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:09 am by Rocky
» Parliamentary Committee: Iraq uses its international relations to avert the dangers of war from its
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:08 am by Rocky
» The value of non-oil imports for Sulaymaniyah and Halabja governorates during a week
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:07 am by Rocky
» Rafidain: Continuous expansion in implementing the comprehensive banking system
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:05 am by Rocky
» Planning: The population census includes residents of Iraq according to a special mechanism
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:04 am by Rocky
» Transparency website reveals non-oil imports to Sulaymaniyah and Halabja during a week
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 4:00 am by Rocky
» Al-Sudani directs the adoption of specialized international companies to prepare a unified structure
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 3:58 am by Rocky
» MP warns of a move that will worsen the housing crisis and calls on the government
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 3:56 am by Rocky
» Disagreements strike the Kurdish house... hindering the formation of the regional parliament and gov
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 3:55 am by Rocky
» Hundreds of Moroccan farmers are waiting for “imminent compensation” from Iraq.. What’s the story?
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 3:54 am by Rocky
» Iraq 10-Year Review: Spending, Imports, Unemployment in 2024 at ‘Highest Level’ in a Decade
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 3:52 am by Rocky
» Call to all smokers in Iraq: Prepare for the law
Fri 15 Nov 2024, 3:50 am by Rocky
» utube 11/11/24 MM&C News Reporting-IRAQ-USA-Financial Inclusion up 48%-Money Inside & Out of Iraq
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 5:16 am by Rocky
» Al-Mandlawi to the UN envoy: The supreme authority diagnosed the problems and provided solutions for
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 5:15 am by Rocky
» Saleh: Government strategy to boost gold reserves as part of asset diversification
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 5:14 am by Rocky
» Prime Minister's advisor rules out oil price collapse: Trump's policy will not sacrifice petrodollar
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 5:09 am by Rocky
» Tripartite alliance between Iraq, Egypt and Jordan to boost maritime trade
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 5:06 am by Rocky
» Parliamentary Committee reveals date of entry into force of Personal Status Law
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 5:03 am by Rocky
» Al-Fatah warns against US blackmail and Trump's intentions for the next stage
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 5:02 am by Rocky
» A leader in the law: If the Americans do not leave on their own two feet, we will expel them in fune
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 5:00 am by Rocky
» MP: Next Sunday's session will witness the passing of "important laws"
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 4:59 am by Rocky
» There is a financial aspect.. Al-Zaidi rules out voting on the real estate law
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 4:57 am by Rocky
» "Promising" economic opportunities in central Iraq open doors to investment, trade and unemployment
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 4:55 am by Rocky
» Minister of Transport: Arab interest in the development road project
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 4:53 am by Rocky
» Bitcoin Fails to Maintain Its Meteoric Rise
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 4:51 am by Rocky
» Amending the retirement age on the parliament's table.. This is the latest that has been reached
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 4:50 am by Rocky
» Launching the Health Unit Initiative in Iraqi Schools
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 4:49 am by Rocky
» Will Iraq be the savior of the countries of the region if oil prices fall?
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 4:48 am by Rocky
» Regarding electrical energy.. Government moves to meet the needs of next summer
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 4:47 am by Rocky
» {Retirement age} sparks debate in parliament
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 4:46 am by Rocky
» Minister of Transport to {Sabah}: Arab interest in the development road project
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 4:45 am by Rocky
» Planning: Two important pre-census activities start today and tomorrow
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 4:43 am by Rocky
» Next week.. contracting with 2500 applicants on a {contract} basis
Thu 14 Nov 2024, 4:42 am by Rocky