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Through Baghdad and Wasit south of the capital Baghdad and shows the side of the housing project Basmaja Imaging (Mahmoud Raouf)[/ltr]
[ltr]Iraqi economy through 2014 because of declining growth Daash and a new budget and plans to rationalize and the trend towards investment [/ltr]
[ltr]Author: ASJ, BS
Editor: BK, BS
[rtl]2014/12/30 14:12[/rtl]
[/ltr]
[ltr]
Long-Presse / Baghdad
Saw the Iraqi economy, in 2014 the present, a lot of challenges that revealed "weakness" and most notably the adoption of a semi full of oil, such as the need to diversify nutrient resources and his adoption of the confirmed plan to rationalize spending and increase the efficiency of performance, and about the year was the year that is about to leave, full of crises Perhaps most notably those resulting from (Daash), and the decline in world oil prices.
Oil: internal and external crises processors
Oil sector could not during 2014, control of Iraq's economy through sales in the global market, the first time the country is witnessing a financial crisis due to low oil prices, is reason to pursue different ways to compensate for the dependence on oil as the sole source to supplement the budget, including the use of taxes and austerity, Although resolve the dispute between the center and the region and the return of previous agreements to normal after the tension under the government of Nuri al-Maliki, the provincial government decided to pay 250 000 barrels to the center of the marketed through Sumo national company.
Drop in oil prices was not only the impact on the Iraqi economy, Vsatrh organization (Daash) terrorist on four oil fields in northern Iraq, is Qayyarah in Nineveh province, which includes 91 wells, and the field Ajil in salads as well, and includes 91 wells, and Hamrin field in Salahuddin province, and field star in Nineveh province, a painful blow to the Iraqi economy and the movement of oil exports, as well as stop the most important Iraq's refineries, which Baiji, prompting the government, according to sources and experts, to import about 200 thousand barrels of oil products a day to meet the shortfall, as stop the export pipeline passing through Turkey to northern areas, the government has forbidden imports task.
But that did not prevent the oil ministry to proceed to its investments, which began five years ago when it launched the oil licensing rounds, where the ministry statistics showed that production exceeded 50% of what it was about four years ago, where he pumped through February, 3.6 million barrels of crude per day, indicating that broke the record for annual oil production in Iraq, which was in 1979 during the height of the production of Iraqi oil 0.3500000 barrels per day.
We can not forget that Hlvaip gas field may raise its production to 80 million Mqmq (million standard cubic feet), where the Chinese Petrojayna company overseeing the development of the field, in cooperation with the Maysan Oil Company, has worked hard to reach the advanced levels of work in the field, especially in the associated gas sector as the field reached the first half of July, for the production of 80 million standard cubic feet (Mqmq) a day, is sent 21 of them to Mqmq Alekhala station in the province to run.
To the Maysan Oil Company revealed the entry of 75 wells out of 95 drilled in Hlvaip oil field, to the service, according to the director general of the company, Adnan Noshi, in an interview to the (long-Presse), and this field of good fields in the country have, For the remaining wells, which is 20, has been excavated and configured to produce in the third stage of development of the field, according to general manager always.
For the South Gas Company, showed that Basra gas production exceeded planned answered the GDP, where the General Manager of Gas South, Ali Hussain Khudair, in an interview to the (long-Presse), the current production of gas Basra, supervised by the Basra Gas Company in cooperation with Dutch Shell is (2650) tons per day, which exceeded the planned production since the founding of the company, the product is returned and stored in the company's gas tanks enough actual need for local use in Iraq, which is a good level of reach of the company at this time.
Agriculture sector: security implications prevented without achieving self-sufficiency
Security operations have left the organization (Daash) an opportunity to achieve self-sufficiency in a number of crops, especially wheat, where the technical agent for the Ministry of Agriculture, said Mehdi ligature Qaisi, said in an interview to the (long-Presse), the agricultural season 2013-2014 was hoped to achieve sufficiency Self-wheat crop, but unfortunately security incidents resulted in the provinces of Nineveh, Salahuddin and Kirkuk, to not be so because of the stop and the Ministry of Trade Centers (silos) for receipt of crops from those provinces because of the difficulty of arriving, but what has been untold Formally and installed at the Ministry of Commerce of wheat crop is approximately equal to what has been received in the last season, excluding the provinces of Nineveh and Salah and Kirkuk crops, indicating that the plans and expectations of the ministry is correct, if added to a wheat crop to those three provinces, because there was a real increase in the yield and achieve self-sufficiency.
For the crop of barley and maize, among Qaisi, the barley crop reached the ranks of self-sufficiency, as evidenced by the presence of about 60 thousand tonnes of barley round of last year, even this season, with a surplus of it, for the corn, the current year has witnessed received 361 thousand tons, which is a large amount where it was dried and distributed to the fancier, especially poultry, has been carried out each quantity.
And Fisheries said Qaisi, the fisheries in the country heading towards improvement through what is being brought up in various governorates of Iraq as well as the expansion of fish ponds and spread dramatically and significantly where we can say that what is being produced now fills about 70% of local need, a proportion good compared to previous years.
And poultry wealth Undersecretary of the Ministry of Agriculture, meat and egg production reached during the year 2014 to 40% of the annual requirement for the Iraqi people, noting that very good this ratio for us because poultry farms suffered during the past years to the much maligned but now started to recover and return to normal normal.
The electricity sector: continued interruptions despite promises and directed towards investment
What the electricity sector continues to talk the Iraqi street, after the signing of contracts with dozens of different countries and companies that Alqtoat continues, where they attribute the ministry to delay work on its infrastructure and network components subjected to vandalism by gangs (Daash).
He said the ministry spokesman, Musab teacher, in an interview to the (long-Presse), the gangs (Daash) caused a loss of power projects was hoped that feed the national system by 4000 megawatts amounts are up loss to one billion dollars, as well as other stations worker stopped up capacity to 3,000 megawatts and the stations were combined in the provinces of Nineveh and Salahuddin, Kirkuk, Anbar and Diyala.
Nevertheless, the Ministry of Electricity continuous promises about improvements through its orientation towards investment to implement a number of electrical projects, to compensate for what her death, where the ministry has signed two investment funds during the year 2014, for the first time, the first was in June with (Shamara) Group to build Rumaila station in Basra with a capacity of 3,000 megawatts, will be carried out on the first two phases of building units gas card 1500 megawatts, and the second building and vehicle modules Card 1500, also recently signed investment contracts for joint cooperation with a group Mas holding companies for electric power generation, Inc. Lanka, Turkey, to establish a station Basmajh investment to generate electric power capacity (3000) MW, in a manner similar to those adopted in the Rumaila station.
And between the teacher, that decades duration is 17 and a half years, renewable for a period of one year, and under this contract ministry be bound to purchase power from these two companies valued at 32 dollars per megawatt per for the production of gas units, and (47) dollars per megawatt to produce units of the vehicle, where those stations will be equipped with fuel by the Ministry of Electricity in coordination with the Ministry of Oil, whether or gaseous fuel Kazoel, that land is allocated by the national body was to invest.
To perpetuate the power generation after the implementation of the number of projects to build power plants gas contracted by the Ministry with Iran to implement a project to extend Abnoub carrier liquid to gas, from the border "oil box" area towards Diyala and then to Baghdad to feed the three stations are (Mansuriya and chest invasive Jerusalem gaseous), where This tube is designed to transmit 25 million cubic meters and it is enough to run 2500 megawatts of energy, it is hoped to enter service during the next March.
Plans to the Ministry of Electricity Project Smart scales, at a cost of $ 42 million in cooperation with the Korean company, for the (107) A, a common first phase, in the three parts of the capital Baghdad, to ensure the rationalization of consumption.
Monetary policy: fears of depletion of reserves
Heading the Central Bank of Iraq towards maintaining fiscal and monetary policy of the country, as it still maintains a cash reserve, which has not yet exceeded 70 billion dollars, 90 tonnes of gold, despite the great attempts by the previous government of Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki, to be withdrawn, but the central bank refused and still because of the law to prevent it.
The steps the bank about monetary policy effectively, where three local currencies raised serious Modern with previous survival for use where introduced currencies of categories (25 thousand, 10 thousand 0.5 thousand), the central bank attributed to the operations of the fraud in the former currency, and his quest to preserve them Since these groups are designed to levels difficult to forge.
It remains back fiscal policy debate prevalent among government circles, parliament and even economists and the Iraqi street, as the end of the year 2014 without the approval of its budget, while the government approved the 2015 budget by 123 trillion dinars and a deficit of nearly 23 trillion, and forwarded to Parliament.
Perhaps the most prominent financial event for this year is to try a number of Rafidain Bank, government officials stealing 280 billion dinars, through electronic clearing system, which foiled the operation and investigations are underway which, amid suspicions hovering around different political and financial figures did not reveal yet.
The transport sector: expansion of facilities and revenue
Perhaps the transport sector for 2014 is better than Bakkaka sectors because of the size of the expansion of its facilities and revenues, which exceeded the year the company's revenue for the Department of Transport for 2014 of 30 billion dinars, although stopped some Mnciadtha in the provinces of Anbar and Mosul and Salahuddin.
But aviation facilities has paid great attention to the joints where the Council of Ministers approved the transfer of the Imam Ali Air Base, in Dhi Qar and Alaptarh military airport in Maysan, to civil as well as the approval of the building of Imam Hussein Airport in Karbala, and the agreement with the Kuwaiti company to implement the airport in Diwaniya , and believed, according to economists and money to be in the work of those airports will be provided at least 18 thousand jobs and run around (2-4) million dollars a month for the benefit of the Iraqi state.
And for the development of the air sector and the Civil Aviation Authority approved the appointment of 100 aerial observer within the aviation authority, indicating that these will provide them with modern technological laboratories keep pace with the great work of the flight in Iraq.
For a company of Iraqi ports has among its general manager, Omran Radi it will proceed with a plan to add 37 berths to Iraqi ports for a total of available berths in various ports is 83 card download up to 29 million tons per year, explaining that those sidewalks will provide ample space for the reception of various goods types and sizes sophisticated ways unloading and transfer makes trade and transport process easy and modern process.
The telecommunications sector: the growth of imports
You can not ignore the telecommunications sector, which predicted economic circles that 2014 is the beginning of the advancement of the sector, especially after the launch of the third generation service, has signed the board of Media and Communications, on the tenth of November, the contract for the launch of the 3G with mobile phone companies working in Iraq Service (Zain Iraq, Asiacell, Korek Telecom), at a cost of $ 307 million for each company paid in four installments, will lead to the revitalization of the economic and technical movement in the country and reduce the cost of using the internet through the phone,
Experts: Iraq's economy has not reached the threshold of a free economy
For their part, experts felt that the Iraqi economy has not reached the threshold of a free economy, and that the year 2014 was a year of financial crisis.
The economist said, Muthana al-Husseini, in an interview to the (long-Presse), if it is necessary to develop a clear economic vision in line with the aspirations of the political process, and expand the partnership between government and the private sector must be the government's economic vision and a clear economic approach connected to politics or called the approach "the economy political "and is indicative of a title in line with the aspirations of the political parties and forces in the construction of all the dimensions of development works to resolve the dilemmas that Tjabha, as well as attention to economic competencies and expertise and capabilities in building the country's economy Iraqi economy Besides a clear economic approach to resolve the housing crisis, and the problem of setting unemployment, reduce inflation, and operation of the agricultural sector and the industrial continuous support, as well as the implementation of the strategies that have been developed by specialists and experts have not seen the light yet.
In turn, the economic expert, Majid picture in an interview said to (the long-Presse), that the Iraqi economy directly affected this year because of budget's dependence on imports of oil revenues, adding that the Iraqi economy faces significant challenges for integration into the global economy in order to regulate the economy and restructuring and finding Other sources of income through the restructuring of the productive sectors Kalsnaaa, agricultural and tourism sector. Image and stressed that Iraq was trying to reach his salary transition to a free economy, but he still had a lot as he is currently ineligible to enter the World Trade Organization, the time is not suitable for the development of industrial and agricultural sectors; because they do not possess the qualifications of membership by virtue of underdevelopment located therein, as well as the postponement of some laws important economic Although there is no legislation about them.
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.][/ltr]
Through Baghdad and Wasit south of the capital Baghdad and shows the side of the housing project Basmaja Imaging (Mahmoud Raouf)[/ltr]
[ltr]Iraqi economy through 2014 because of declining growth Daash and a new budget and plans to rationalize and the trend towards investment [/ltr]
[ltr]Author: ASJ, BS
Editor: BK, BS
[rtl]2014/12/30 14:12[/rtl]
[/ltr]
[ltr]
Long-Presse / Baghdad
Saw the Iraqi economy, in 2014 the present, a lot of challenges that revealed "weakness" and most notably the adoption of a semi full of oil, such as the need to diversify nutrient resources and his adoption of the confirmed plan to rationalize spending and increase the efficiency of performance, and about the year was the year that is about to leave, full of crises Perhaps most notably those resulting from (Daash), and the decline in world oil prices.
Oil: internal and external crises processors
Oil sector could not during 2014, control of Iraq's economy through sales in the global market, the first time the country is witnessing a financial crisis due to low oil prices, is reason to pursue different ways to compensate for the dependence on oil as the sole source to supplement the budget, including the use of taxes and austerity, Although resolve the dispute between the center and the region and the return of previous agreements to normal after the tension under the government of Nuri al-Maliki, the provincial government decided to pay 250 000 barrels to the center of the marketed through Sumo national company.
Drop in oil prices was not only the impact on the Iraqi economy, Vsatrh organization (Daash) terrorist on four oil fields in northern Iraq, is Qayyarah in Nineveh province, which includes 91 wells, and the field Ajil in salads as well, and includes 91 wells, and Hamrin field in Salahuddin province, and field star in Nineveh province, a painful blow to the Iraqi economy and the movement of oil exports, as well as stop the most important Iraq's refineries, which Baiji, prompting the government, according to sources and experts, to import about 200 thousand barrels of oil products a day to meet the shortfall, as stop the export pipeline passing through Turkey to northern areas, the government has forbidden imports task.
But that did not prevent the oil ministry to proceed to its investments, which began five years ago when it launched the oil licensing rounds, where the ministry statistics showed that production exceeded 50% of what it was about four years ago, where he pumped through February, 3.6 million barrels of crude per day, indicating that broke the record for annual oil production in Iraq, which was in 1979 during the height of the production of Iraqi oil 0.3500000 barrels per day.
We can not forget that Hlvaip gas field may raise its production to 80 million Mqmq (million standard cubic feet), where the Chinese Petrojayna company overseeing the development of the field, in cooperation with the Maysan Oil Company, has worked hard to reach the advanced levels of work in the field, especially in the associated gas sector as the field reached the first half of July, for the production of 80 million standard cubic feet (Mqmq) a day, is sent 21 of them to Mqmq Alekhala station in the province to run.
To the Maysan Oil Company revealed the entry of 75 wells out of 95 drilled in Hlvaip oil field, to the service, according to the director general of the company, Adnan Noshi, in an interview to the (long-Presse), and this field of good fields in the country have, For the remaining wells, which is 20, has been excavated and configured to produce in the third stage of development of the field, according to general manager always.
For the South Gas Company, showed that Basra gas production exceeded planned answered the GDP, where the General Manager of Gas South, Ali Hussain Khudair, in an interview to the (long-Presse), the current production of gas Basra, supervised by the Basra Gas Company in cooperation with Dutch Shell is (2650) tons per day, which exceeded the planned production since the founding of the company, the product is returned and stored in the company's gas tanks enough actual need for local use in Iraq, which is a good level of reach of the company at this time.
Agriculture sector: security implications prevented without achieving self-sufficiency
Security operations have left the organization (Daash) an opportunity to achieve self-sufficiency in a number of crops, especially wheat, where the technical agent for the Ministry of Agriculture, said Mehdi ligature Qaisi, said in an interview to the (long-Presse), the agricultural season 2013-2014 was hoped to achieve sufficiency Self-wheat crop, but unfortunately security incidents resulted in the provinces of Nineveh, Salahuddin and Kirkuk, to not be so because of the stop and the Ministry of Trade Centers (silos) for receipt of crops from those provinces because of the difficulty of arriving, but what has been untold Formally and installed at the Ministry of Commerce of wheat crop is approximately equal to what has been received in the last season, excluding the provinces of Nineveh and Salah and Kirkuk crops, indicating that the plans and expectations of the ministry is correct, if added to a wheat crop to those three provinces, because there was a real increase in the yield and achieve self-sufficiency.
For the crop of barley and maize, among Qaisi, the barley crop reached the ranks of self-sufficiency, as evidenced by the presence of about 60 thousand tonnes of barley round of last year, even this season, with a surplus of it, for the corn, the current year has witnessed received 361 thousand tons, which is a large amount where it was dried and distributed to the fancier, especially poultry, has been carried out each quantity.
And Fisheries said Qaisi, the fisheries in the country heading towards improvement through what is being brought up in various governorates of Iraq as well as the expansion of fish ponds and spread dramatically and significantly where we can say that what is being produced now fills about 70% of local need, a proportion good compared to previous years.
And poultry wealth Undersecretary of the Ministry of Agriculture, meat and egg production reached during the year 2014 to 40% of the annual requirement for the Iraqi people, noting that very good this ratio for us because poultry farms suffered during the past years to the much maligned but now started to recover and return to normal normal.
The electricity sector: continued interruptions despite promises and directed towards investment
What the electricity sector continues to talk the Iraqi street, after the signing of contracts with dozens of different countries and companies that Alqtoat continues, where they attribute the ministry to delay work on its infrastructure and network components subjected to vandalism by gangs (Daash).
He said the ministry spokesman, Musab teacher, in an interview to the (long-Presse), the gangs (Daash) caused a loss of power projects was hoped that feed the national system by 4000 megawatts amounts are up loss to one billion dollars, as well as other stations worker stopped up capacity to 3,000 megawatts and the stations were combined in the provinces of Nineveh and Salahuddin, Kirkuk, Anbar and Diyala.
Nevertheless, the Ministry of Electricity continuous promises about improvements through its orientation towards investment to implement a number of electrical projects, to compensate for what her death, where the ministry has signed two investment funds during the year 2014, for the first time, the first was in June with (Shamara) Group to build Rumaila station in Basra with a capacity of 3,000 megawatts, will be carried out on the first two phases of building units gas card 1500 megawatts, and the second building and vehicle modules Card 1500, also recently signed investment contracts for joint cooperation with a group Mas holding companies for electric power generation, Inc. Lanka, Turkey, to establish a station Basmajh investment to generate electric power capacity (3000) MW, in a manner similar to those adopted in the Rumaila station.
And between the teacher, that decades duration is 17 and a half years, renewable for a period of one year, and under this contract ministry be bound to purchase power from these two companies valued at 32 dollars per megawatt per for the production of gas units, and (47) dollars per megawatt to produce units of the vehicle, where those stations will be equipped with fuel by the Ministry of Electricity in coordination with the Ministry of Oil, whether or gaseous fuel Kazoel, that land is allocated by the national body was to invest.
To perpetuate the power generation after the implementation of the number of projects to build power plants gas contracted by the Ministry with Iran to implement a project to extend Abnoub carrier liquid to gas, from the border "oil box" area towards Diyala and then to Baghdad to feed the three stations are (Mansuriya and chest invasive Jerusalem gaseous), where This tube is designed to transmit 25 million cubic meters and it is enough to run 2500 megawatts of energy, it is hoped to enter service during the next March.
Plans to the Ministry of Electricity Project Smart scales, at a cost of $ 42 million in cooperation with the Korean company, for the (107) A, a common first phase, in the three parts of the capital Baghdad, to ensure the rationalization of consumption.
Monetary policy: fears of depletion of reserves
Heading the Central Bank of Iraq towards maintaining fiscal and monetary policy of the country, as it still maintains a cash reserve, which has not yet exceeded 70 billion dollars, 90 tonnes of gold, despite the great attempts by the previous government of Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki, to be withdrawn, but the central bank refused and still because of the law to prevent it.
The steps the bank about monetary policy effectively, where three local currencies raised serious Modern with previous survival for use where introduced currencies of categories (25 thousand, 10 thousand 0.5 thousand), the central bank attributed to the operations of the fraud in the former currency, and his quest to preserve them Since these groups are designed to levels difficult to forge.
It remains back fiscal policy debate prevalent among government circles, parliament and even economists and the Iraqi street, as the end of the year 2014 without the approval of its budget, while the government approved the 2015 budget by 123 trillion dinars and a deficit of nearly 23 trillion, and forwarded to Parliament.
Perhaps the most prominent financial event for this year is to try a number of Rafidain Bank, government officials stealing 280 billion dinars, through electronic clearing system, which foiled the operation and investigations are underway which, amid suspicions hovering around different political and financial figures did not reveal yet.
The transport sector: expansion of facilities and revenue
Perhaps the transport sector for 2014 is better than Bakkaka sectors because of the size of the expansion of its facilities and revenues, which exceeded the year the company's revenue for the Department of Transport for 2014 of 30 billion dinars, although stopped some Mnciadtha in the provinces of Anbar and Mosul and Salahuddin.
But aviation facilities has paid great attention to the joints where the Council of Ministers approved the transfer of the Imam Ali Air Base, in Dhi Qar and Alaptarh military airport in Maysan, to civil as well as the approval of the building of Imam Hussein Airport in Karbala, and the agreement with the Kuwaiti company to implement the airport in Diwaniya , and believed, according to economists and money to be in the work of those airports will be provided at least 18 thousand jobs and run around (2-4) million dollars a month for the benefit of the Iraqi state.
And for the development of the air sector and the Civil Aviation Authority approved the appointment of 100 aerial observer within the aviation authority, indicating that these will provide them with modern technological laboratories keep pace with the great work of the flight in Iraq.
For a company of Iraqi ports has among its general manager, Omran Radi it will proceed with a plan to add 37 berths to Iraqi ports for a total of available berths in various ports is 83 card download up to 29 million tons per year, explaining that those sidewalks will provide ample space for the reception of various goods types and sizes sophisticated ways unloading and transfer makes trade and transport process easy and modern process.
The telecommunications sector: the growth of imports
You can not ignore the telecommunications sector, which predicted economic circles that 2014 is the beginning of the advancement of the sector, especially after the launch of the third generation service, has signed the board of Media and Communications, on the tenth of November, the contract for the launch of the 3G with mobile phone companies working in Iraq Service (Zain Iraq, Asiacell, Korek Telecom), at a cost of $ 307 million for each company paid in four installments, will lead to the revitalization of the economic and technical movement in the country and reduce the cost of using the internet through the phone,
Experts: Iraq's economy has not reached the threshold of a free economy
For their part, experts felt that the Iraqi economy has not reached the threshold of a free economy, and that the year 2014 was a year of financial crisis.
The economist said, Muthana al-Husseini, in an interview to the (long-Presse), if it is necessary to develop a clear economic vision in line with the aspirations of the political process, and expand the partnership between government and the private sector must be the government's economic vision and a clear economic approach connected to politics or called the approach "the economy political "and is indicative of a title in line with the aspirations of the political parties and forces in the construction of all the dimensions of development works to resolve the dilemmas that Tjabha, as well as attention to economic competencies and expertise and capabilities in building the country's economy Iraqi economy Besides a clear economic approach to resolve the housing crisis, and the problem of setting unemployment, reduce inflation, and operation of the agricultural sector and the industrial continuous support, as well as the implementation of the strategies that have been developed by specialists and experts have not seen the light yet.
In turn, the economic expert, Majid picture in an interview said to (the long-Presse), that the Iraqi economy directly affected this year because of budget's dependence on imports of oil revenues, adding that the Iraqi economy faces significant challenges for integration into the global economy in order to regulate the economy and restructuring and finding Other sources of income through the restructuring of the productive sectors Kalsnaaa, agricultural and tourism sector. Image and stressed that Iraq was trying to reach his salary transition to a free economy, but he still had a lot as he is currently ineligible to enter the World Trade Organization, the time is not suitable for the development of industrial and agricultural sectors; because they do not possess the qualifications of membership by virtue of underdevelopment located therein, as well as the postponement of some laws important economic Although there is no legislation about them.
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» "A coup in Iraqi universities"... Replacement of presidents and deans under the new education law
» Al-Sudani: Iraq is a difficult number in the equation of energy and oil wealth in the region and the
» Minister of Oil: We hope to announce an increase in Iraq’s oil reserves to 160 billion barrels
» Iraq's mass graves...stories that did not end with the burial of their owners, and the "legacy of IS
» Pictures: New licenses in Iraq to extract “huge” quantities of oil and gas
» Transport reopens the Baghdad - Samarra railway line
» Al-Awadi: A government decision to provide sovereign guarantees and guarantees to encourage the inve
» Oil clarifies the mechanism for investing grant funds and licensing contracts
» A $700 million agreement is signed between Iraq and Italy to finance these projects
» Iraq recovers 90 billion dinars from social protection violators
» Sudanese officially launches the two licensing rounds and sets the date for stopping gas burning
» An economic vision for the standard of competition for exploratory plots in Iraq
» The Iraqi Islamic Bank announces an increase in its capital to 300 billion dinars