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[size=35][size=35]What is the secret behind Fuad Hussein's visit to Turkey at this time?[/size]
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2024-08-16 | 05:05
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Alsumaria News - Politics
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On the Turkish side, Minister of National Defense Yasar Guler, Head of the National Intelligence Organization Ibrahim Kalin, and Deputy Minister of the Interior Munir Karaoglu are participating, which reflects the extent of interest in this visit, amid positive expectations for what will come out of it.
The Turkish Foreign Ministry statement indicated that it is also expected that the fourth meeting of the high-level security mechanism between Ankara and Baghdad will be held with it, as there are many files that bring the two neighboring countries together on various political, security and economic levels.
In the capital Ankara, Defense Minister Thabet Al-Abbasi signed a memorandum of understanding with his Turkish counterpart, Yasar Guler, for military and security cooperation and combating terrorism.
Iraq and the Kurdistan Workers' Party
The Turkish-Iraqi Joint Planning Group is one of the fruits of the strategic framework agreement for joint cooperation between Baghdad and Ankara, which was agreed upon and signed by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan during his visit to Iraq on April 22.
Baghdad anticipated this visit by restricting the activities of the Kurdistan Workers' Party, which both countries classify as a "terrorist party."
In an unprecedented move, the Iraqi judiciary decided to dissolve three political parties and close their headquarters, namely; the Yazidi Freedom and Democracy Party, the Yazidi Struggle Front Party, and the Kurdistan Freedom Party, on charges of their links to the PKK.
The Judicial Elections Authority of the Iraqi Supreme Judicial Council commented that the decision was taken at the request of the Department of Political Parties and Organizations in the Independent High Electoral Commission, which justified its request based on a complaint from the National Security Advisory regarding the links of these parties to the banned Kurdistan Workers' Party, which poses a threat to Iraqi national security.
Intertwined relations
and Turkish-Iraqi security relations are intertwined over vast areas and complex borders, especially if we add to them the 150-kilometer-long border with Syria, which in its new form focuses on the activities of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and its bases inside Iraq and its military operations on the border and inside Turkey.
Thanks to ideological and organizational relations, the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) has been able to build alliances with local formations, such as the People's Protection Units (YPG) in Syria and the Sinjar Resistance Units (YPG) in Iraq, and through them it has been able to impose its influence there.
The activities of the Workers' Party have gone beyond the military and security aspects, as it has been able to create an economic system that relies on activities on both sides of the border through new border crossings that help transport individuals and smuggle goods between northeastern Syria and the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, in the form of a border triangle.
In addition, the party's forces are stationed in an organized, semi-official manner in the Sinjar district, west of the city of Mosul, in alliance with the Yazidi components and armed Shiite factions, despite Turkish pressure and the Iraqi government's attempts to remove it from the district.
However, the influence of the Kurdistan Workers' Party does not only clash with the Turkish position and the Iraqi security forces, but also with the influence of the Kurdistan Democratic Party led by Massoud Barzani, which has a significant presence through the Kurdish Peshmerga and the Kurdish and even Arab parties allied with it.
It is true that the Turkish airstrikes, the security buffer zone in Dohuk Governorate, and the network of roads and passages have partially succeeded in isolating the Kurdistan Workers' Party cells, and even in directing effective strikes against the Kurdistan Workers' Party units and its leadership in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, which is relatively far from the border, via Turkish drones, but the party has greatly succeeded in recovering in recent years. The
Kurdistan Workers' Party broke the security and military alliances with the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan in Sulaymaniyah, led by Pavel Talabani, and succeeded in military coordination with Shiite factions stationed in Sinjar and southern Mosul. Hence, we can point to the importance of the presence of Faleh al-Fayyadh, head of the Popular Mobilization Authority, within the Iraqi delegation.
On July 1, Iraqi security forces arrested 3 people linked to the banned Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) who are suspected of planning attacks across the country, including a major oil export pipeline in the north and setting fires.
In the same month, the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) accused the PKK of attempting to assassinate a KDP official by blowing up his car in the Kalar area of Sulaymaniyah Governorate.
Following this, the Iraqi government officially decided on July 23 to classify the party as a "banned organization" and to disassociate any elements involved in belonging to the PKK and prevent them from holding government jobs in the country, which explains the organized efforts between Baghdad and Erbil and their pretexts to restrict the party's activities.
Water and oil exports
Turkish-Iraqi relations do not stop at the security file, as there are Iraqi demands, the most important of which is obtaining a fair share of water in light of the scarcity the country is suffering from, in addition to demands to open the oil export pipeline through the Turkish port of Ceyhan, which has been closed since March 25, 2023.
The issue of increasing water releases from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers seems more urgent at the present time in light of the summer season and the possibility of many rivers drying up and its negative impact on agricultural areas and livestock.
Baghdad had signed a water resources management agreement with Ankara on April 25, 2024, extending for 10 years, subject to increase, out of 24 agreements during the Turkish president's visit to Baghdad.
The agreement includes joint projects to improve water management in the Tigris and Euphrates basins, and an invitation to Turkish companies to cooperate in the infrastructure of irrigation projects, exchange expertise, and use modern and closed irrigation systems and technologies, with the aim of helping Iraq with mechanisms to reduce water waste.
However, despite the official welcome, the agreement has angered water experts because it has not resolved the dispute over the classification of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers as “local” or “international,” and the lack of clarity in determining the quantities of water that will be released to Iraq, as Ankara considers the Tigris and Euphrates rivers to be local Turkish rivers, not international ones.
On the same track, Baghdad is demanding that Ankara open the Ceyhan pipeline on the Mediterranean and resume pumping oil flows that Turkey has stopped - which amounted to 450,000 barrels per day - due to a ruling issued by the International Chamber of Commerce, which ordered Turkey to pay compensation to Iraq amounting to about $1.5 billion for exports from the Kurdistan Region.
Mediation between Syria and Turkey
On the regional level, there are understandings in which Baghdad seeks to mediate between Ankara and Damascus. On July 13, Iraqi Foreign Minister Fuad Hussein announced that a meeting would soon be held in Baghdad, including Syrian and Turkish officials, to discuss the Syrian crisis.
He noted that he met the Turkish Foreign Minister in Washington to arrange a meeting in Baghdad with the Syrian side, according to the Iraqi News Agency.
Iran, which has unmistakable influence in Iraq and Syria, as well as good relations with Ankara, is present in this context. All parties seem to be seeking to resolve crises amidst the regional conflict and international competition in the region, most notably the Israeli war on the Gaza Strip.
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2024-08-16 | 05:05
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Alsumaria News - Politics
Iraqi Foreign Minister Fuad Hussein arrived in Turkey as a guest, accompanied by a delegation - including senior figures, including the head of the Popular Mobilization Authority, Faleh al-Fayyadh - to hold the first meeting of the "Turkish-Iraqi Joint Planning Group", co-chaired by the Iraqi minister and his Turkish counterpart, Hakan Fidan.
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On the Turkish side, Minister of National Defense Yasar Guler, Head of the National Intelligence Organization Ibrahim Kalin, and Deputy Minister of the Interior Munir Karaoglu are participating, which reflects the extent of interest in this visit, amid positive expectations for what will come out of it.
The Turkish Foreign Ministry statement indicated that it is also expected that the fourth meeting of the high-level security mechanism between Ankara and Baghdad will be held with it, as there are many files that bring the two neighboring countries together on various political, security and economic levels.
In the capital Ankara, Defense Minister Thabet Al-Abbasi signed a memorandum of understanding with his Turkish counterpart, Yasar Guler, for military and security cooperation and combating terrorism.
Iraq and the Kurdistan Workers' Party
The Turkish-Iraqi Joint Planning Group is one of the fruits of the strategic framework agreement for joint cooperation between Baghdad and Ankara, which was agreed upon and signed by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan during his visit to Iraq on April 22.
Baghdad anticipated this visit by restricting the activities of the Kurdistan Workers' Party, which both countries classify as a "terrorist party."
In an unprecedented move, the Iraqi judiciary decided to dissolve three political parties and close their headquarters, namely; the Yazidi Freedom and Democracy Party, the Yazidi Struggle Front Party, and the Kurdistan Freedom Party, on charges of their links to the PKK.
The Judicial Elections Authority of the Iraqi Supreme Judicial Council commented that the decision was taken at the request of the Department of Political Parties and Organizations in the Independent High Electoral Commission, which justified its request based on a complaint from the National Security Advisory regarding the links of these parties to the banned Kurdistan Workers' Party, which poses a threat to Iraqi national security.
Intertwined relations
and Turkish-Iraqi security relations are intertwined over vast areas and complex borders, especially if we add to them the 150-kilometer-long border with Syria, which in its new form focuses on the activities of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and its bases inside Iraq and its military operations on the border and inside Turkey.
Thanks to ideological and organizational relations, the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) has been able to build alliances with local formations, such as the People's Protection Units (YPG) in Syria and the Sinjar Resistance Units (YPG) in Iraq, and through them it has been able to impose its influence there.
The activities of the Workers' Party have gone beyond the military and security aspects, as it has been able to create an economic system that relies on activities on both sides of the border through new border crossings that help transport individuals and smuggle goods between northeastern Syria and the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, in the form of a border triangle.
In addition, the party's forces are stationed in an organized, semi-official manner in the Sinjar district, west of the city of Mosul, in alliance with the Yazidi components and armed Shiite factions, despite Turkish pressure and the Iraqi government's attempts to remove it from the district.
However, the influence of the Kurdistan Workers' Party does not only clash with the Turkish position and the Iraqi security forces, but also with the influence of the Kurdistan Democratic Party led by Massoud Barzani, which has a significant presence through the Kurdish Peshmerga and the Kurdish and even Arab parties allied with it.
It is true that the Turkish airstrikes, the security buffer zone in Dohuk Governorate, and the network of roads and passages have partially succeeded in isolating the Kurdistan Workers' Party cells, and even in directing effective strikes against the Kurdistan Workers' Party units and its leadership in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, which is relatively far from the border, via Turkish drones, but the party has greatly succeeded in recovering in recent years. The
Kurdistan Workers' Party broke the security and military alliances with the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan in Sulaymaniyah, led by Pavel Talabani, and succeeded in military coordination with Shiite factions stationed in Sinjar and southern Mosul. Hence, we can point to the importance of the presence of Faleh al-Fayyadh, head of the Popular Mobilization Authority, within the Iraqi delegation.
On July 1, Iraqi security forces arrested 3 people linked to the banned Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) who are suspected of planning attacks across the country, including a major oil export pipeline in the north and setting fires.
In the same month, the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) accused the PKK of attempting to assassinate a KDP official by blowing up his car in the Kalar area of Sulaymaniyah Governorate.
Following this, the Iraqi government officially decided on July 23 to classify the party as a "banned organization" and to disassociate any elements involved in belonging to the PKK and prevent them from holding government jobs in the country, which explains the organized efforts between Baghdad and Erbil and their pretexts to restrict the party's activities.
Water and oil exports
Turkish-Iraqi relations do not stop at the security file, as there are Iraqi demands, the most important of which is obtaining a fair share of water in light of the scarcity the country is suffering from, in addition to demands to open the oil export pipeline through the Turkish port of Ceyhan, which has been closed since March 25, 2023.
The issue of increasing water releases from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers seems more urgent at the present time in light of the summer season and the possibility of many rivers drying up and its negative impact on agricultural areas and livestock.
Baghdad had signed a water resources management agreement with Ankara on April 25, 2024, extending for 10 years, subject to increase, out of 24 agreements during the Turkish president's visit to Baghdad.
The agreement includes joint projects to improve water management in the Tigris and Euphrates basins, and an invitation to Turkish companies to cooperate in the infrastructure of irrigation projects, exchange expertise, and use modern and closed irrigation systems and technologies, with the aim of helping Iraq with mechanisms to reduce water waste.
However, despite the official welcome, the agreement has angered water experts because it has not resolved the dispute over the classification of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers as “local” or “international,” and the lack of clarity in determining the quantities of water that will be released to Iraq, as Ankara considers the Tigris and Euphrates rivers to be local Turkish rivers, not international ones.
On the same track, Baghdad is demanding that Ankara open the Ceyhan pipeline on the Mediterranean and resume pumping oil flows that Turkey has stopped - which amounted to 450,000 barrels per day - due to a ruling issued by the International Chamber of Commerce, which ordered Turkey to pay compensation to Iraq amounting to about $1.5 billion for exports from the Kurdistan Region.
Mediation between Syria and Turkey
On the regional level, there are understandings in which Baghdad seeks to mediate between Ankara and Damascus. On July 13, Iraqi Foreign Minister Fuad Hussein announced that a meeting would soon be held in Baghdad, including Syrian and Turkish officials, to discuss the Syrian crisis.
He noted that he met the Turkish Foreign Minister in Washington to arrange a meeting in Baghdad with the Syrian side, according to the Iraqi News Agency.
Iran, which has unmistakable influence in Iraq and Syria, as well as good relations with Ankara, is present in this context. All parties seem to be seeking to resolve crises amidst the regional conflict and international competition in the region, most notably the Israeli war on the Gaza Strip.
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