Home
[size=35][size=35]“Chronic” obstacles stop the return of Iraqi Kurdistan oil to Turkey... “huge” financial losses[/size][/size]
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.][/size]
2023-11-26 | 03:55
[You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]
816 views
Alsumaria News - Economy
[ltr]
0 seconds of 0 seconds Volume 0%
[/ltr]
Despite much talk about the imminent resumption of Kurdistan oil exports for months; This process may not happen soon, given the huge obstacles standing in the way of return, according to an analysis published on the website of the energy research company Wood Mackenzie.
The Turkish government’s recent statements herald the imminent resumption of Iraqi Kurdistan oil export flows to Turkey via the pipeline linking to the Turkish port of Ceyhan, but until that happens; A group of political and trade issues and dilemmas between the two countries must be resolved, according to the analysis reported by the Energy Research Unit.
Historical background to the Iraq-Turkey pipeline
There is a long history of conflict over control of oil production, exports and revenues between the Iraqi national authorities and the autonomous [url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/133481/%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9 %D8%A5%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85 %D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86/ar/]Kurdistan Regional Government[/url] in northern Iraq.
The oil pipeline extending from the fields of the city of Kirkuk to the port of Ceyhan, also known as the (Iraq-Turkey) pipeline, entered the framework of the simmering conflict between the federal government and the regional government over the past decade. Which led to exposing Iraqi oil exports to Turkey to a state of severe tension, especially during recent years.
In order to understand the story of this line, It is inevitable to go back to history a little, starting in 1973, which witnessed an agreement reached between Turkey and Iraq to extend a pipeline from the Kirkuk fields to the port of Ceyhan on the Mediterranean Sea.
The pipeline consists of two pipes; One is 40 inches in diameter and the other increases to 46 inches. The first line was commissioned in 1977, while the other was commissioned a decade later, according to Wood Mackenzie's analysis.
The 40-inch pipeline was later damaged as it fell into disuse, and then in 2010, an amendment to the original agreement was signed by both parties that stipulated that the remaining pipeline would be used to transport, load and store Iraqi crude oil.
At the same time, because the second pipeline was not operational; The agreement was temporarily suspended until guarantees were made that Iraq would send the minimum amount of oil through the pipeline network.
Why and when did the pipeline close?
In 2013, the KRG built a branch line from the abandoned 40-inch pipeline and began exporting oil through it from the Khurmala, Tawki, and Sheikhan fields under its control.
This angered the Iraqi federal government on the grounds that the Kurdistan region does not have the right to export its oil through Turkey, and that doing so constitutes a violation of the terms of the original agreement. Which led to the outbreak of a legal battle between [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] and Ankara that lasted 9 years.
In March 2023, the International Arbitration Court in Paris issued a ruling in favor of the federal government, which Turkey recognized and the pipeline from which it received Iraqi Kurdistan's oil exports was immediately closed.
As a result, Kurdistan's oil storage facilities quickly became full; This harmed operators and international oil companies operating in the region, forcing them to reduce production as the local market became saturated.
The international ruling obligated Turkey to pay compensation to the federal government of Iraq amounting to $1.5 billion for Iraqi Kurdistan oil exports that arrived at the Turkish port of Ceyhan without [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]’s approval during the period from 2014 to 2018. How did the Kurdistan region and Iraq react
?
The significant decline in Iraqi Kurdistan's oil production has put the regional government's financial resources under unprecedented pressure; This forced it, in April 2023, to announce its approval to sell oil from the fields under its control through the [url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/2333629547/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9 %D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9 %D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%82/ar/]Iraqi State Oil Marketing Company[/url] (SOMO).
This agreement stipulated that the proceeds of the sale be deposited in a bank account controlled by the Kurds, but under the eyes of the Iraqi federal government.
In June 2023, a new law was passed that significantly reduced the KRG's control over oil sales revenues and obligated Erbil to deliver 400,000 barrels per day of crude oil to [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] so that it could receive a share of Iraq's federal budget.
The regional government complied with this requirement only partially and reluctantly. It initially delivered 50,000 barrels per day, which then increased to 200,000 barrels per day in August 2023.
In exchange for this, the Iraqi government expressed its approval for temporary and limited funding for a period of 3 months for the Kurdistan region worth $538 million, which was enough to pay salaries of civil servants, but left the core issues in the dispute over resources unresolved.
What is the current situation?
There is significant progress in recent talks between the Iraqi Oil Marketing Company "SOMO", the [url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/133481/%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9 %D8%A5%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85 %D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86/ar/]Kurdistan Regional Government[/url] and the Turkish State Pipeline Company "Botash" towards the return of Iraqi Kurdistan's oil exports to Turkey by reopening the closed pipeline.
Issues under negotiation included pipeline fees, the quality and quantity of oil exports, minimum throughput, and compensation that Turkey must pay ($1.5 billion) for Iraqi Kurdistan's oil exports that it received without [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]'s approval between 2014 and 2018.
Talks to resume Iraqi Kurdistan oil exports to Turkey need to resolve a number of chronic political and trade issues in order for pipelines to reopen again in a sustainable manner, according to Wood Mackenzie analyst Alexander Araman, who specializes in the Middle East.
The first of these issues that need to be resolved concerns oil merchants who purchase Kurdish oil. The Iraqi Oil Marketing Company "SOMO" must sign new contracts with them despite its ability to resume exports and sell spot shipments without agreeing with them.
Legal issues must also be settled between Ankara and [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] and future terms and fees for the pipeline must be approved, in addition to an agreement on how the Iraqi federal government will pay the revenues from the sale of Iraqi Kurdistan’s oil to the regional government, according to the analyst.
Disagreements over international oil company agreements.
Resolving these issues could allow the resumption of Iraqi Kurdistan’s oil exports to Turkey in a sustainable manner, and could also give confidence to international oil companies operating in the region.
These companies were forced to reduce their production significantly since the closure of the export pipeline after international arbitration issued in favor of the federal government, in addition to suffering from delayed payment of their dues to the Kurdistan government.
The last time oil companies operating in the region received a payment of their dues was in March 2023, in exchange for oil produced in September 2022. The governments
in [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] and Erbil state that they respect the contractual rights concluded with foreign companies, but there are disagreements over how to pay. Financial arrears of $1 billion for oil already sold and delivered.
There are also disagreements about how to pay future dues in the new situation, as the Iraqi government is demanding that production-sharing agreements previously concluded with companies be amended and converted into profit-sharing contracts, according to Iraqi Oil Minister Hayyan Abdul-Ghani.
The new Iraqi law stipulates that international oil companies operating in the Kurdistan region pay $6 per barrel, equivalent to the average cost of oil produced in other private regions of Iraq to the federal government.
Estimates from the Petroleum Industry Association indicate[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.](APIKUR) has led to losses estimated at about $7 billion in export revenues since the closure of the pipeline and the cessation of oil exports.[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/48161/%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82/ar/]Kurdstan Iraq[/url]to[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]In March 2023.
This association represents several five oil companies operating in the region, most notably the Norwegian oil company DNO, the Canadian ShaMaran Petroleum, and Gulf Keystone Petroleum.[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/1092887327/Gulf Keystone Petroleum/ar/]Gulf Keystone Petroleum[/url]" listed on the London Stock Exchange, according to detailed data monitored by the Energy Research Unit.
Expectations for the resumption of flows with a smaller amount
have been raised[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]It imposed force majeure for technical reasons and reopened the pipeline, so it could begin charging the Iraqi government for pipeline tariffs under the terms of the agreement's amendment in 2010. Total fees are estimated at about $25 million per month
; This may provide an incentive for the Iraqi government to settle compensation claims with[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]And solving budget problems and sharing revenues with the government[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]And then the return of Kurdistan oil exports to[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.].
Estimates from the Petroleum Industry Association indicate[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]The Iraqi government incurs more than a million dollars a day in fines for...[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]As a result of its failure to fulfill the obligations of the pipeline agreement with Ankara.
An analyst suggests[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/2495705463/%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AF %D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%8A/ar/]Wood Mackenzie[/url]Alex Araman, Return Pipeline[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]--[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]To operate at half its capacity recorded in January 2023, amounting to 500 thousand barrels per day; That is equivalent to 250 thousand barrels per day.
It is expected that most of the oil exports will come from[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/48161/%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82/ar/]Kurdstan Iraq[/url]to[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]-After the appeal- from the Khurmala field area operated by the local company KAR Group.”[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/2739750573/KAR Group/ar/]KAR Group[/url]", equivalent to 130 thousand barrels per day.
While another 100 thousand barrels per day will come from the fields it operates.[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/2064508596/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9 %D9%86%D9%81%D8%B7/ar/]oil company[/url]North Oil Company. As for foreign companies, it is expected that they will refrain from pumping quantities until the payment guarantees and dues are clear, according to an analyst.[url=https://magnetrack.klangoo.com/v1.1/track.ashx?e=AP_ITE_CLK&p=474669_1&d=2495705463&c=087f73ce-9cc0-4b7a-8f94-863bed009347&u=87910c8d-fdb3-4435-8ece-61c4c81adaad&l=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alsumaria.tv%2Fnews%2Feconomy%2F474669%2F%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%81-%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B7-%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9&redir=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alsumaria.tv%2FEntity%2F2495705463%2F%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AF %D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%8A%2Far%2F%3Futm_campaign%3Dmagnet%26utm_source%3Darticle_page%26utm_medium%3Dintext_entity]Wood Mackenzie[/url].
Source: Energy Research Unit
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]
Economy
[size][You must be registered and logged in to see this link.][/size]
2023-11-26 | 03:55
[You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]
816 views
Alsumaria News - Economy
The issue of resuming Iraqi Kurdistan's oil exports to Turkey has captured the attention of energy experts and observers of oil markets in the Middle East since they were interrupted 7 months ago due to an international ruling against the Kurdistan Regional Government.
[ltr]
0 seconds of 0 seconds Volume 0%
[/ltr]
Despite much talk about the imminent resumption of Kurdistan oil exports for months; This process may not happen soon, given the huge obstacles standing in the way of return, according to an analysis published on the website of the energy research company Wood Mackenzie.
The Turkish government’s recent statements herald the imminent resumption of Iraqi Kurdistan oil export flows to Turkey via the pipeline linking to the Turkish port of Ceyhan, but until that happens; A group of political and trade issues and dilemmas between the two countries must be resolved, according to the analysis reported by the Energy Research Unit.
Historical background to the Iraq-Turkey pipeline
There is a long history of conflict over control of oil production, exports and revenues between the Iraqi national authorities and the autonomous [url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/133481/%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9 %D8%A5%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85 %D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86/ar/]Kurdistan Regional Government[/url] in northern Iraq.
The oil pipeline extending from the fields of the city of Kirkuk to the port of Ceyhan, also known as the (Iraq-Turkey) pipeline, entered the framework of the simmering conflict between the federal government and the regional government over the past decade. Which led to exposing Iraqi oil exports to Turkey to a state of severe tension, especially during recent years.
In order to understand the story of this line, It is inevitable to go back to history a little, starting in 1973, which witnessed an agreement reached between Turkey and Iraq to extend a pipeline from the Kirkuk fields to the port of Ceyhan on the Mediterranean Sea.
The pipeline consists of two pipes; One is 40 inches in diameter and the other increases to 46 inches. The first line was commissioned in 1977, while the other was commissioned a decade later, according to Wood Mackenzie's analysis.
The 40-inch pipeline was later damaged as it fell into disuse, and then in 2010, an amendment to the original agreement was signed by both parties that stipulated that the remaining pipeline would be used to transport, load and store Iraqi crude oil.
At the same time, because the second pipeline was not operational; The agreement was temporarily suspended until guarantees were made that Iraq would send the minimum amount of oil through the pipeline network.
Why and when did the pipeline close?
In 2013, the KRG built a branch line from the abandoned 40-inch pipeline and began exporting oil through it from the Khurmala, Tawki, and Sheikhan fields under its control.
This angered the Iraqi federal government on the grounds that the Kurdistan region does not have the right to export its oil through Turkey, and that doing so constitutes a violation of the terms of the original agreement. Which led to the outbreak of a legal battle between [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] and Ankara that lasted 9 years.
In March 2023, the International Arbitration Court in Paris issued a ruling in favor of the federal government, which Turkey recognized and the pipeline from which it received Iraqi Kurdistan's oil exports was immediately closed.
As a result, Kurdistan's oil storage facilities quickly became full; This harmed operators and international oil companies operating in the region, forcing them to reduce production as the local market became saturated.
The international ruling obligated Turkey to pay compensation to the federal government of Iraq amounting to $1.5 billion for Iraqi Kurdistan oil exports that arrived at the Turkish port of Ceyhan without [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]’s approval during the period from 2014 to 2018. How did the Kurdistan region and Iraq react
?
The significant decline in Iraqi Kurdistan's oil production has put the regional government's financial resources under unprecedented pressure; This forced it, in April 2023, to announce its approval to sell oil from the fields under its control through the [url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/2333629547/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9 %D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9 %D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%82/ar/]Iraqi State Oil Marketing Company[/url] (SOMO).
This agreement stipulated that the proceeds of the sale be deposited in a bank account controlled by the Kurds, but under the eyes of the Iraqi federal government.
In June 2023, a new law was passed that significantly reduced the KRG's control over oil sales revenues and obligated Erbil to deliver 400,000 barrels per day of crude oil to [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] so that it could receive a share of Iraq's federal budget.
The regional government complied with this requirement only partially and reluctantly. It initially delivered 50,000 barrels per day, which then increased to 200,000 barrels per day in August 2023.
In exchange for this, the Iraqi government expressed its approval for temporary and limited funding for a period of 3 months for the Kurdistan region worth $538 million, which was enough to pay salaries of civil servants, but left the core issues in the dispute over resources unresolved.
What is the current situation?
There is significant progress in recent talks between the Iraqi Oil Marketing Company "SOMO", the [url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/133481/%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9 %D8%A5%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85 %D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86/ar/]Kurdistan Regional Government[/url] and the Turkish State Pipeline Company "Botash" towards the return of Iraqi Kurdistan's oil exports to Turkey by reopening the closed pipeline.
Issues under negotiation included pipeline fees, the quality and quantity of oil exports, minimum throughput, and compensation that Turkey must pay ($1.5 billion) for Iraqi Kurdistan's oil exports that it received without [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]'s approval between 2014 and 2018.
Talks to resume Iraqi Kurdistan oil exports to Turkey need to resolve a number of chronic political and trade issues in order for pipelines to reopen again in a sustainable manner, according to Wood Mackenzie analyst Alexander Araman, who specializes in the Middle East.
The first of these issues that need to be resolved concerns oil merchants who purchase Kurdish oil. The Iraqi Oil Marketing Company "SOMO" must sign new contracts with them despite its ability to resume exports and sell spot shipments without agreeing with them.
Legal issues must also be settled between Ankara and [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] and future terms and fees for the pipeline must be approved, in addition to an agreement on how the Iraqi federal government will pay the revenues from the sale of Iraqi Kurdistan’s oil to the regional government, according to the analyst.
Disagreements over international oil company agreements.
Resolving these issues could allow the resumption of Iraqi Kurdistan’s oil exports to Turkey in a sustainable manner, and could also give confidence to international oil companies operating in the region.
These companies were forced to reduce their production significantly since the closure of the export pipeline after international arbitration issued in favor of the federal government, in addition to suffering from delayed payment of their dues to the Kurdistan government.
The last time oil companies operating in the region received a payment of their dues was in March 2023, in exchange for oil produced in September 2022. The governments
in [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] and Erbil state that they respect the contractual rights concluded with foreign companies, but there are disagreements over how to pay. Financial arrears of $1 billion for oil already sold and delivered.
There are also disagreements about how to pay future dues in the new situation, as the Iraqi government is demanding that production-sharing agreements previously concluded with companies be amended and converted into profit-sharing contracts, according to Iraqi Oil Minister Hayyan Abdul-Ghani.
The new Iraqi law stipulates that international oil companies operating in the Kurdistan region pay $6 per barrel, equivalent to the average cost of oil produced in other private regions of Iraq to the federal government.
Estimates from the Petroleum Industry Association indicate[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.](APIKUR) has led to losses estimated at about $7 billion in export revenues since the closure of the pipeline and the cessation of oil exports.[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/48161/%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82/ar/]Kurdstan Iraq[/url]to[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]In March 2023.
This association represents several five oil companies operating in the region, most notably the Norwegian oil company DNO, the Canadian ShaMaran Petroleum, and Gulf Keystone Petroleum.[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/1092887327/Gulf Keystone Petroleum/ar/]Gulf Keystone Petroleum[/url]" listed on the London Stock Exchange, according to detailed data monitored by the Energy Research Unit.
Expectations for the resumption of flows with a smaller amount
have been raised[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]It imposed force majeure for technical reasons and reopened the pipeline, so it could begin charging the Iraqi government for pipeline tariffs under the terms of the agreement's amendment in 2010. Total fees are estimated at about $25 million per month
; This may provide an incentive for the Iraqi government to settle compensation claims with[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]And solving budget problems and sharing revenues with the government[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]And then the return of Kurdistan oil exports to[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.].
Estimates from the Petroleum Industry Association indicate[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]The Iraqi government incurs more than a million dollars a day in fines for...[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]As a result of its failure to fulfill the obligations of the pipeline agreement with Ankara.
An analyst suggests[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/2495705463/%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AF %D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%8A/ar/]Wood Mackenzie[/url]Alex Araman, Return Pipeline[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]--[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]To operate at half its capacity recorded in January 2023, amounting to 500 thousand barrels per day; That is equivalent to 250 thousand barrels per day.
It is expected that most of the oil exports will come from[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/48161/%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82/ar/]Kurdstan Iraq[/url]to[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]-After the appeal- from the Khurmala field area operated by the local company KAR Group.”[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/2739750573/KAR Group/ar/]KAR Group[/url]", equivalent to 130 thousand barrels per day.
While another 100 thousand barrels per day will come from the fields it operates.[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/2064508596/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9 %D9%86%D9%81%D8%B7/ar/]oil company[/url]North Oil Company. As for foreign companies, it is expected that they will refrain from pumping quantities until the payment guarantees and dues are clear, according to an analyst.[url=https://magnetrack.klangoo.com/v1.1/track.ashx?e=AP_ITE_CLK&p=474669_1&d=2495705463&c=087f73ce-9cc0-4b7a-8f94-863bed009347&u=87910c8d-fdb3-4435-8ece-61c4c81adaad&l=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alsumaria.tv%2Fnews%2Feconomy%2F474669%2F%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%81-%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B7-%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9&redir=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alsumaria.tv%2FEntity%2F2495705463%2F%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AF %D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%8A%2Far%2F%3Futm_campaign%3Dmagnet%26utm_source%3Darticle_page%26utm_medium%3Dintext_entity]Wood Mackenzie[/url].
Source: Energy Research Unit
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]
» In just two weeks, the Sudanese is awaiting an action plan from the relevant ministries in agreement
» A thousand dinars every month.. An expert predicts the shape of the final journey of dollar prices
» Parliamentary Oil: The budget deficit is under control
» Parliamentary proposals to impose an economic blockade on Iraq
» His advisor: Al-Sudani succeeded in digital transfer in banks
» Economist reassures: Financial liquidity is available and there are no risks to the Iraqi dinar
» Iraq is preparing to bid farewell to the blonde old woman and end the UNAMI mission
» utube MM&C 4/30/24 Projects - Confidence Building - National Bank of Iraq
» Al-Sudani: The government is serious about moving to a diversified economy and supporting the indust
» Deputy: The dollar exchange rate is still high
» The Finance Committee reveals the total transfers today in Iraq
» Minister of Industry: Iraq does not have iron ores suitable for production and we depend on imports
» “The Dilemma of Economic Decisions”... Implementing a gasoline price increase despite opposition fro
» Ukrainian trade explodes with a “surprise”: Iraq has contracted with a “fake” Ukrainian company to d
» Iraq is preparing to invest in the largest gas field
» An economic expert for Nina: The World Bank’s expectations that Iraq will achieve a high growth rate
» The UAE buys cheaper Iraqi oil to increase its exports of “more expensive crude”
» The largest gas field in Iraq is close to seeing the light: a wealth that will reduce the import bil
» Minister of Resources: Water storage in dams is at its best
» Sadiqoun demands that Taqadum give up all positions in exchange for the presidency of Parliament
» Al-Sudani inaugurates the continuous casting factory at the General Company for Steel Industries in
» Iraq exports to America more than 4 million barrels of crude oil and its derivatives in a month
» Al-Sudani: We are committed to workers’ rights and reconstruction projects will not stop
» The Parliamentary Development Institute organizes a workshop on the right to information law
» Parliamentary Integrity: The judiciary is making a great effort to resolve the theft of the century
» Parliamentary Finance: The government holds responsible for the delay in sending the budget schedule
» Economist: Iraq faces a shortage of 3.5 million housing units
» Obelisk Hour: Sudanese’s visit to Washington did not address the “American exit”
» Planning clarifies the position on contracts and wages from the job number platform
» New country legalizes cryptocurrencies
» The UAE's Dana Gas announces the resumption of work in the "Kormor" field
» The International Comprehensive Shopping Festival kicks off in an Iraqi governorate
» The Minister of Labor gives good news to the workers: Wait for next week
» Iraq's water storage is at its best... Will it address the agricultural situation?
» The government takes a number of new decisions
» The Minister of Labor announces an increase in the salary of retired workers by 100 thousand dinars
» Al-Sudani: Service projects in Iraq “will not stop”
» 90 percent of it comes from across the border. Parliament unveils a new strategy to limit currency s
» Iraq is implementing a "modern strategy" to get rid of a "Sumerian custom" that depleted the waters
» The Minister of Transport announces the opening of 48 collective lines in six governorates
» The Federal Integrity Commission announced the arrest of waste of public money, violations and manip
» Government Media: 3 million citizens have registered so far on the Ur electronic portal
» Labor Day in Iraq.. 6 million workers with an unknown future and stolen rights, and 90% of them “wit
» Iranian Chamber of Commerce: Iraq's investment budget is 150 billion dollars, and our share in it mu
» On International Workers’ Day... The President of the Republic: We stress the necessity of working t
» Prime Minister: We affirm our commitment to all Iraqi workers, men and women, to provide a work envi
» Progress threatens to withdraw from the political process in the event of infringement on its quota
» Bloomberg: Iraq violated its oil export quota and did not adhere to OPEC+ decisions
» Al-Sudani stresses the importance of following up on the understandings reached between Iraq and Ame
» From "everything is imported" to "food made by one's own hands"... Parliamentary reference to Iraq's
» The government hires an external auditor for the Trade Bank of Iraq
» Among them relates to the path of development...the full decisions of the Council of Ministers sessi
» Al-Maliki warns of the Washington Embassy's plans to threaten Iraqi society
» utube MM&C 4/28/24 Iraq Dinar - IQD - Banks - Merge Regionally - Water - Labor -Jobs - Dinar Value
» Iraqi Business: There are no financial fears in Iraq for three years, and fear regarding the path of
» Parliament is discussing with the Finance and Retirement Law amending the Landlords Law
» Customs and taxes... Parliamentary Finance talks about huge sums of money that do not enter the stat
» Parliamentary Oil threatens to sue the Ministry of Oil over raising gasoline prices
» Iraq begins installing radiation screening gates at border crossings
» Hong Kong launches Asia's first Bitcoin and Ether ETFs
» Al-Mandalawi discusses with the delegation of the Jordanian Senate the achievement of economic integ
» Parliament draws attention to the work of security companies in Iraq and identifies the party concer
» How does a Sudanese choose the countries he visits and what are his messages?
» Baghdad alerts Erbil of a “defect” related to agriculture and requests coordination regarding areas
» State real estate... between Parliament's movements and a new door to corruption
» Economist: The Central Bank committed a massacre against private banks at the expense of foreign one
» Without discussing the agenda, the House of Representatives adjourns its session
» Parliament reveals details of the “Law to replace custodial sentences in exchange for financial sums
» The Sudanese and his battle against corruption.. Where is the fault with the government or with the
» Parliamentary Planning: The Federal Service Law will regulate the work of the public service
» A representative calls for amendments to the 2024 budget tables
» Al-Badri: America bears responsibility for restricting the security services and not providing monit
» State of Law: Sudanese’s recent discussions will impose another reality in relations with Washington
» Parliamentary warning about the delay in sending budget schedules
» Deputy: We will not allow the American ambassador to install herself as President of the Republic of
» The government and Parliament are discussing completing the 2024 budget and sending it to a vote
» "Finance" reveals the reason for the delay in disbursing the Kurdistan Region's salaries for the mon
» With "more than" one billion dollars.. Iraq is "fourth" on the list of "largest" importers from Turk
» The Interior Ministry discovers properties and houses that were usurped and seized in “Al-Bataween”
» “No province is devoid of it.” Shafaq News opens the file of a disease that “has no cure” in Iraq
» Parliamentary Finance: The Council of Ministers will vote today on the 2024 budget schedules
» Al-Halbousi party threatens to withdraw from the entire political process because of the “Sunni mino
» For the first time... adopting an “automation” system for transporting goods at the ports of the Kur
» Qatar.. The Iraqi Stock Exchange obtains the shield of the Arab Capital Markets Union
» An Iraqi court activates the electronic legal evidence and division systems
» What are the reasons for the Emirati-Turkish interest in the path of “development”?.. A British repo
» The Council of Ministers votes today on the 2024 budget schedules
» At a cost of 73 billion...exposing cases of fraud and suspicions of corruption in implementing a pro
» Labor announces the release of the salaries of retired insured workers for the month of May with an
» A parliamentary committee discusses a draft government program evaluation report
» Parliamentary Finance: We are keen to mature the amendment to the Landlords Law in preparation for i
» Al-Mandalawi and Al-Sudani discuss political efforts to complete constitutional entitlements and res
» Resources are taking action to conserve water
» Early 2025.. a date for the start of implementation of the “Development Road”
» Budget schedules postpone the House of Representatives' recess
» Next May 12.. is the date for opening bids for the Baghdad and Najaf-Karbala metro projects
» Tourism in the region is expected to grow by 60%.
» Najaf administrators and engineers are demanding appointments and job opportunities