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[size=36]This is what water resources will provide in this giant project.[/size]
economy | 08:41 - 08/31/2024
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Mawazine News - Baghdad
A delegation from the strategic advisors and experts team visited the Tharthar project, and they were received by the Director General of the General Authority for the Operation of Irrigation and Drainage Projects, Eng. Ahmed Kazim, and a number of the ministry's advisors. The delegation was briefed on the project carried out by the Authority to address the water scarcity in the Euphrates River in light of the water challenges facing Iraq. The Tharthar pump project is one of the strategic solutions to address the water scarcity in the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
In detail, this project extends over the Tharthar Lake depression, which is 63 square kilometers, and is located east of Anbar Governorate, west of Salah al-Din Governorate, and south of Mosul. The lake's water storage capacity is 85 billion cubic meters, of which 45 billion cubic meters are living water and 40 billion cubic meters are dead water.
- Living and dead water
Living water is water that can be used and delivered to areas outside Tharthar Lake by flooding, while dead water needs pumping stations that rely on electrical energy to transport it outside the lake. In light of the water scarcity that Iraq suffers from, especially in the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, it has become necessary to invest every available drop of water.
– Causes of water scarcity
The causes of water scarcity in Iraq are due to several factors, including:
1- Low water releases from Turkey: Turkey is the source country for the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and the low water releases from it directly affect the amount of water flowing into Iraq.
2- Dry continental climate: The dry climate leads to a lack of water in the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which affects human, agricultural and animal use in the Euphrates Basin governorates such as Najaf, Samawah, Nasiriyah and Diwaniyah.
– Ministry of Water Resources Plan
In response to these challenges, the Ministry of Water Resources has developed an investment plan for Lake Tharthar water through the Tharthar Pumping Station Project. The project consists of three phases, relying on pumping stations from different sources (Chinese, German and Spanish). Work is currently underway to complete the Spanish stations project, as 10 stations out of 25 have been installed, with a completion rate of 80%.
– Project Objectives
The Tharthar Pumping Station Project achieves several tactical and strategic objectives, including:
1- Supplying the central and southern governorates with water suitable for human and agricultural use.
2- Contributing to the cultivation of barley in four governorates located on the Euphrates Basin, which enhances the trend towards self-sufficiency for this vital crop.
3- Delivering water to the Al-Chibayish Marshes in Dhi Qar Governorate, which contributes to preventing the marshes from drying up and preserving livestock.
Challenges and Obstacles
4- Preserving the water storage of Haditha Dam by reducing water releases and thus increasing the production of electricity that Anbar Governorate benefits from
– The project faces several obstacles, including:
1- The large amount of evaporation from the lake water due to hot and dry climatic conditions, which reached 8 billion cubic meters in 2022.
2- The lack of water supply to the lake from the Tigris River due to the lack of water releases from Turkey, which is now equal to zero cubic meters
3- The presence of several dams on the Euphrates River in Syria, some of which are under the control of the SDF.
- Achievements and aspirations
From June 14, 2023 until the end of May 2024, the pumping rate through this project was 100 cubic meters per second, equivalent to approximately 2 billion cubic meters of water for the Euphrates River. It is planned that this rate will increase by 25% if the Spanish stations project is completed to reach 125 cubic meters per second. This is the first time in the history of Iraq that dead water has been used to restore life to the Euphrates River and its basin. Thus, this reflects the Ministry of Water Resources' orientation towards integration with other ministries in order to achieve the government's program. The
Tharthar Pump Project is a strategic step towards addressing water scarcity in Iraq, and reflects the vision of the ministry and its cadres in investing all efforts to address this crisis. Through this project, multiple goals are achieved that contribute to improving the water, agricultural and animal situation in the central and southern governorates, which enhances the sustainability of water resources in Iraq by investing in all water bodies in Iraq, as in this project in which dead water is pumped to Lake Tharthar to the division regulator, then desalinated through the Al-Halwa River coming from the Tigris River, and then it is transported from the regulator to the Euphrates River.
A delegation from the strategic advisors and experts team visited the Tharthar project, and they were received by the Director General of the General Authority for the Operation of Irrigation and Drainage Projects, Eng. Ahmed Kazim, and a number of the ministry's advisors. The delegation was briefed on the project carried out by the Authority to address the water scarcity in the Euphrates River in light of the water challenges facing Iraq. The Tharthar pump project is one of the strategic solutions to address the water scarcity in the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
In detail, this project extends over the Tharthar Lake depression, which is 63 square kilometers, and is located east of Anbar Governorate, west of Salah al-Din Governorate, and south of Mosul. The lake's water storage capacity is 85 billion cubic meters, of which 45 billion cubic meters are living water and 40 billion cubic meters are dead water.
- Living and dead water
Living water is water that can be used and delivered to areas outside Tharthar Lake by flooding, while dead water needs pumping stations that rely on electrical energy to transport it outside the lake. In light of the water scarcity that Iraq suffers from, especially in the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, it has become necessary to invest every available drop of water.
– Causes of water scarcity
The causes of water scarcity in Iraq are due to several factors, including:
1- Low water releases from Turkey: Turkey is the source country for the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and the low water releases from it directly affect the amount of water flowing into Iraq.
2- Dry continental climate: The dry climate leads to a lack of water in the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which affects human, agricultural and animal use in the Euphrates Basin governorates such as Najaf, Samawah, Nasiriyah and Diwaniyah.
– Ministry of Water Resources Plan
In response to these challenges, the Ministry of Water Resources has developed an investment plan for Lake Tharthar water through the Tharthar Pumping Station Project. The project consists of three phases, relying on pumping stations from different sources (Chinese, German and Spanish). Work is currently underway to complete the Spanish stations project, as 10 stations out of 25 have been installed, with a completion rate of 80%.
– Project Objectives
The Tharthar Pumping Station Project achieves several tactical and strategic objectives, including:
1- Supplying the central and southern governorates with water suitable for human and agricultural use.
2- Contributing to the cultivation of barley in four governorates located on the Euphrates Basin, which enhances the trend towards self-sufficiency for this vital crop.
3- Delivering water to the Al-Chibayish Marshes in Dhi Qar Governorate, which contributes to preventing the marshes from drying up and preserving livestock.
Challenges and Obstacles
4- Preserving the water storage of Haditha Dam by reducing water releases and thus increasing the production of electricity that Anbar Governorate benefits from
– The project faces several obstacles, including:
1- The large amount of evaporation from the lake water due to hot and dry climatic conditions, which reached 8 billion cubic meters in 2022.
2- The lack of water supply to the lake from the Tigris River due to the lack of water releases from Turkey, which is now equal to zero cubic meters
3- The presence of several dams on the Euphrates River in Syria, some of which are under the control of the SDF.
- Achievements and aspirations
From June 14, 2023 until the end of May 2024, the pumping rate through this project was 100 cubic meters per second, equivalent to approximately 2 billion cubic meters of water for the Euphrates River. It is planned that this rate will increase by 25% if the Spanish stations project is completed to reach 125 cubic meters per second. This is the first time in the history of Iraq that dead water has been used to restore life to the Euphrates River and its basin. Thus, this reflects the Ministry of Water Resources' orientation towards integration with other ministries in order to achieve the government's program. The
Tharthar Pump Project is a strategic step towards addressing water scarcity in Iraq, and reflects the vision of the ministry and its cadres in investing all efforts to address this crisis. Through this project, multiple goals are achieved that contribute to improving the water, agricultural and animal situation in the central and southern governorates, which enhances the sustainability of water resources in Iraq by investing in all water bodies in Iraq, as in this project in which dead water is pumped to Lake Tharthar to the division regulator, then desalinated through the Al-Halwa River coming from the Tigris River, and then it is transported from the regulator to the Euphrates River.
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