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[size=35][size=35]An experiment that Iraq should reproduce... How did South Korea solve the food waste crisis?[/size]
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2023-06-17 | 03:21
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Alsumaria News - International
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Worldwide, 1.4 billion tons of food are distributed in landfills each year. When they rot, they pollute water and soil and release huge amounts of methane, one of the most dangerous greenhouse gases.
But not in[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url], which has been banning food waste from landfills for nearly 20 years. Here, the vast majority of food waste becomes animal feed, fertilizer and fuel for heating homes.
Food waste is one of the biggest contributors to climate change, not only because of the methane, but also because of the wasted energy and resources that went into producing and transporting it.
Trying to replicate the experience
, governments around the world have studied that system in[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]That keeps 90% of discarded food out of landfills and incinerators. Officials from China, Denmark and other countries toured facilities[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]. A spokesman for the New York City Sanitation Department, which will require all residents to separate their food waste from other garbage by next fall, said the city has been monitoring the Korean system for years.
remaining food
While a number of cities have similar programmes, few, if any, other countries are doing what they do.[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]at the national level. He said[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/1757520141/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84 %D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA/ar/]Paul West[/url], a senior scientist with Project Drawdown, a research group that studies ways to reduce carbon emissions, says the reason behind this is cost. Although individuals and companies pay a small fee to dispose of food waste, the program does come at a cost[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]About $600 million a year, according to[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/40697627/%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%A9/ar/]The Ministry of Environment[/url]in the country.
Still, West and other experts say the Asian country should follow suit. He said, "Example[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]It makes it possible to reduce emissions on a larger scale.”
How it was solved[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]This dilemma?
Culinary traditions tend to[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]To keep some food uneaten. Most meals come with side dishes - sometimes a few and sometimes more than 12 side dishes. And for years, all of those remains are practically buried underground.
But the country's mountainous terrain limits the number of landfills that can be used, in addition to its distance from residential areas. In 1995 the government imposed mandatory recycling of paper and plastic, but leftovers were still buried with other rubbish.
Ki Young Yu, a researcher at[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/2875937435/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF %D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84/ar/]Seoul Institute[/url]A government-run project that has advised cities on dealing with food waste, political support for the change has been fueled by people living near landfills, who have complained about the smells. Because soup is a staple of Korean cuisine, the discarded food here tends to have a higher water content, which means more volume and worse smell.
Since 2005, it has been illegal to send food waste to landfills. Local governments have built hundreds of facilities to address it. Consumers, restaurant owners, truck drivers and more are part of the network that collects food waste and turns it into something useful.
How to solve the food waste crisis
in a restaurant[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/1418601897/%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9 %D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%88 %D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88/ar/]Jeonju-sto Village[/url], in[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/4212865756/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9 %D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA/ar/]Dubong District[/url]North of Seoul, pollock soup and kimchi jinggae are some of the best-selling dishes. But no matter what the request, it delivers[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/3778760886/%D9%84%D9%8A %D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A/ar/]Lee Hi[/url]Yoon, the owner of the restaurant, made small side dishes of kimchi, tofu, boiled bean sprouts and seasoned perilla leaves.
Customers can serve themselves, and "take more than they'll eat," said Lee, who added, "Koreans like to take plenty of food."
He pays me for it: about 2,800 won, just over $2, for every 20 liters of food he throws away. Throughout the day, leftovers go into a bucket in the kitchen, and at closing time, Lee empties them into a bin outside. On the lid, he attached a label indicating that he paid money to dispose of food waste.
How to handle food waste
In the morning, the companies hired by the area emptied those bins. Park Myung-jo and his team start touring the streets at 5 am; They open the boxes and dump the waste into the tank of their truck.
They work every day except Sundays. “Even waiting a day would cause massive amounts of waste to build up,” Park said.
At about 11 am, they arrive at the Dubong treatment facility, where they dump all the waste.
Solid waste, such as bones, seeds and shells, is picked up by hand (the Dubong Waste Handling Facility is one of the last in which this step is not mechanized). This waste is automatically conveyed to a mill, which reduces its size into small pieces. Anything that cannot be easily shredded, such as plastic bags, is sorted and subsequently incinerated.
The tailings are then dried, and the moisture is fed into the pipes leading to the water treatment plant, where some is used to produce biogas, and the rest is purified and discharged into a nearby stream.
What remains of the waste in the treatment facility, four hours after Park's team removed it, is ground into the final product in the process: a dry brown powder that smells like dirt. He said[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/441475967/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85 %D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86 %D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%83/ar/]Sim Yoon Sik[/url], Facility Manager, This powder is used as a nutritional supplement for chickens and ducks, and it is rich in protein and fiber, and it is provided to any farm that wants it.
Inside the facility, strong odors emanate, but outside, they are barely noticeable. Pipes pass through the building to filter the air through a chemical process before the exhaust system expels this air.
Other utilities work differently. At a biogas facility in Goyang, a suburb of Seoul, food waste — roughly 70,000 tons annually — undergoes anaerobic digestion. The waste is placed in large tanks for up to 35 days while the bacteria do their work, decomposing the organic matter and producing biogas consisting mainly of methane and carbon dioxide.
The biogas is sold to a local utility, which it says is used to heat 3,000 homes in Goyang. The remaining solid material is mixed with wood chips to produce fertilizer.
Researchers have found that every ton of food waste that rots in a landfill emits greenhouse gases equivalent to 800 pounds of carbon dioxide. Converting it into biogas cuts that in half, said Li Zhangjie, an engineer at the Guiyang facility.
Critics note that despite all the advantages of the program[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]The program did not achieve one of its goals, which was to get people to throw away less food. The amount of food discarded across the country has remained more or less constant over the years, according to data[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/40697627/%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%A9/ar/]The Ministry of Environment[/url].
The system has other shortcomings. There have been sporadic complaints: in Dujiang, a suburb of Guiyang, villagers said the smell from a treatment facility was once so bad they could not leave their windows open. The facility has been shut down since 2018 due to protests from surrounding residents.
But most facilities across the country haven't caused many complaints. Government officials say that continuous improvement in technology has led to cleaner and more efficient operations.
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International
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2023-06-17 | 03:21
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Alsumaria News - International
A big problem that the world has been searching for a solution for decades, being one of the main factors behind the exacerbation of global warming, which is the crisis of getting rid of leftovers, but an Asian country has succeeded in overcoming this phenomenon.
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Worldwide, 1.4 billion tons of food are distributed in landfills each year. When they rot, they pollute water and soil and release huge amounts of methane, one of the most dangerous greenhouse gases.
But not in[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url], which has been banning food waste from landfills for nearly 20 years. Here, the vast majority of food waste becomes animal feed, fertilizer and fuel for heating homes.
Food waste is one of the biggest contributors to climate change, not only because of the methane, but also because of the wasted energy and resources that went into producing and transporting it.
Trying to replicate the experience
, governments around the world have studied that system in[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]That keeps 90% of discarded food out of landfills and incinerators. Officials from China, Denmark and other countries toured facilities[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]. A spokesman for the New York City Sanitation Department, which will require all residents to separate their food waste from other garbage by next fall, said the city has been monitoring the Korean system for years.
remaining food
While a number of cities have similar programmes, few, if any, other countries are doing what they do.[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]at the national level. He said[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/1757520141/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84 %D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA/ar/]Paul West[/url], a senior scientist with Project Drawdown, a research group that studies ways to reduce carbon emissions, says the reason behind this is cost. Although individuals and companies pay a small fee to dispose of food waste, the program does come at a cost[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]About $600 million a year, according to[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/40697627/%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%A9/ar/]The Ministry of Environment[/url]in the country.
Still, West and other experts say the Asian country should follow suit. He said, "Example[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]It makes it possible to reduce emissions on a larger scale.”
How it was solved[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]This dilemma?
Culinary traditions tend to[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]To keep some food uneaten. Most meals come with side dishes - sometimes a few and sometimes more than 12 side dishes. And for years, all of those remains are practically buried underground.
But the country's mountainous terrain limits the number of landfills that can be used, in addition to its distance from residential areas. In 1995 the government imposed mandatory recycling of paper and plastic, but leftovers were still buried with other rubbish.
Ki Young Yu, a researcher at[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/2875937435/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF %D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84/ar/]Seoul Institute[/url]A government-run project that has advised cities on dealing with food waste, political support for the change has been fueled by people living near landfills, who have complained about the smells. Because soup is a staple of Korean cuisine, the discarded food here tends to have a higher water content, which means more volume and worse smell.
Since 2005, it has been illegal to send food waste to landfills. Local governments have built hundreds of facilities to address it. Consumers, restaurant owners, truck drivers and more are part of the network that collects food waste and turns it into something useful.
How to solve the food waste crisis
in a restaurant[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/1418601897/%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9 %D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%88 %D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88/ar/]Jeonju-sto Village[/url], in[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/4212865756/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9 %D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA/ar/]Dubong District[/url]North of Seoul, pollock soup and kimchi jinggae are some of the best-selling dishes. But no matter what the request, it delivers[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/3778760886/%D9%84%D9%8A %D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A/ar/]Lee Hi[/url]Yoon, the owner of the restaurant, made small side dishes of kimchi, tofu, boiled bean sprouts and seasoned perilla leaves.
Customers can serve themselves, and "take more than they'll eat," said Lee, who added, "Koreans like to take plenty of food."
He pays me for it: about 2,800 won, just over $2, for every 20 liters of food he throws away. Throughout the day, leftovers go into a bucket in the kitchen, and at closing time, Lee empties them into a bin outside. On the lid, he attached a label indicating that he paid money to dispose of food waste.
How to handle food waste
In the morning, the companies hired by the area emptied those bins. Park Myung-jo and his team start touring the streets at 5 am; They open the boxes and dump the waste into the tank of their truck.
They work every day except Sundays. “Even waiting a day would cause massive amounts of waste to build up,” Park said.
At about 11 am, they arrive at the Dubong treatment facility, where they dump all the waste.
Solid waste, such as bones, seeds and shells, is picked up by hand (the Dubong Waste Handling Facility is one of the last in which this step is not mechanized). This waste is automatically conveyed to a mill, which reduces its size into small pieces. Anything that cannot be easily shredded, such as plastic bags, is sorted and subsequently incinerated.
The tailings are then dried, and the moisture is fed into the pipes leading to the water treatment plant, where some is used to produce biogas, and the rest is purified and discharged into a nearby stream.
What remains of the waste in the treatment facility, four hours after Park's team removed it, is ground into the final product in the process: a dry brown powder that smells like dirt. He said[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/441475967/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85 %D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86 %D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%83/ar/]Sim Yoon Sik[/url], Facility Manager, This powder is used as a nutritional supplement for chickens and ducks, and it is rich in protein and fiber, and it is provided to any farm that wants it.
Inside the facility, strong odors emanate, but outside, they are barely noticeable. Pipes pass through the building to filter the air through a chemical process before the exhaust system expels this air.
Other utilities work differently. At a biogas facility in Goyang, a suburb of Seoul, food waste — roughly 70,000 tons annually — undergoes anaerobic digestion. The waste is placed in large tanks for up to 35 days while the bacteria do their work, decomposing the organic matter and producing biogas consisting mainly of methane and carbon dioxide.
The biogas is sold to a local utility, which it says is used to heat 3,000 homes in Goyang. The remaining solid material is mixed with wood chips to produce fertilizer.
Researchers have found that every ton of food waste that rots in a landfill emits greenhouse gases equivalent to 800 pounds of carbon dioxide. Converting it into biogas cuts that in half, said Li Zhangjie, an engineer at the Guiyang facility.
Critics note that despite all the advantages of the program[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/47772/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/ar/]South Korea[/url]The program did not achieve one of its goals, which was to get people to throw away less food. The amount of food discarded across the country has remained more or less constant over the years, according to data[url=https://www.alsumaria.tv/Entity/40697627/%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9 %D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%A9/ar/]The Ministry of Environment[/url].
The system has other shortcomings. There have been sporadic complaints: in Dujiang, a suburb of Guiyang, villagers said the smell from a treatment facility was once so bad they could not leave their windows open. The facility has been shut down since 2018 due to protests from surrounding residents.
But most facilities across the country haven't caused many complaints. Government officials say that continuous improvement in technology has led to cleaner and more efficient operations.
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