Population census in Iraq: social and political importance and a major challenge for the government
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Baghdad Today - Baghdad
Today, Tuesday (November 12, 2024), economic affairs expert Alaa Jaloub Al-Fahd explained the importance of the population census in Iraq, which is expected to be conducted in the coming few days, while indicating that this census represents a major challenge for the government.
Al-Fahd said in an interview with Baghdad Today, "The population census and its results are of great importance in terms of providing statistics and databases, and this is reflected in multiple indicators, including calculating the average individual income, as well as poverty levels, living standards, and others. There will be a comprehensive form that provides data for all researchers, especially since the last population census conducted in Iraq was in 1999."
He explained that "the population census has great importance from a social and political perspective, as well as from a future planning perspective and knowing the needs. According to this census, services will be provided to the regions. The population distribution today in Iraq is different from its distribution in the past. There is migration and there are new cities, and this matter requires future planning according to an integrated database."
He added, "This database will allow the economic planner to plan according to needs and there will be an arrangement to get out of the chaos we are living in today due to the absence of a database and the absence of statistics."
The economic expert concluded by saying, "The population census poses a very big challenge to the Iraqi government and represents an important and significant turning point for society by providing a database and statistics that serve future studies for the next ten years."
The Iraqi government is close to putting the final touches on its preparations to conduct the general population census on November 20, the first census to include all regions of Iraq in nearly 4 decades.
Iraq witnessed the last general population census that included all its governorates in 1987, and although the country conducted another population census in 1997, the latter did not include the governorates of the Kurdistan Region, because they were semi-independent from Iraq during the era of the former regime.
The census, scheduled for November 20-21, is the ninth to be held in Iraq’s modern history. If the process goes smoothly, Iraq will turn the page on statistics and figures issued by institutes and organizations specializing in this matter, which have been relied upon for years.
The current census differs from its predecessors in that it does not include the nationality and sect fields and only states religion. The absence of nationality in the census form, along with the demographic changes that the disputed areas have witnessed according to Article 140 of the Iraqi Constitution, raises fears among the Kurds and Turkmen that it will lead to the consolidation of these changes, especially since the majority of the residents of the disputed areas such as Sinjar, west of Mosul, are still displaced in camps.
The Iraqi Council of Ministers issued a set of decisions in its session held last Tuesday, including decisions related to the population census.
A statement by the Prime Minister’s media office stated that as part of the Council’s follow-up of the preparations for conducting the population census throughout Iraq, the Council affirmed in the introduction to its decisions its commitment to Federal Court Decision No. (73) issued in 2010 regarding the general population census, which separated the population census mentioned in Article 140 from the population census scheduled to be conducted in Iraq.
The Council also decided to conduct the census in the disputed areas by a joint team of Arabs, Kurds and Turkmen, with the addition of a Christian member to the team in areas with a Christian majority.
The decisions stipulated that the Federal Statistical Authority, in cooperation with the Kurdistan Regional Statistics Authority and the Federal Ministry of Interior, shall compare the data tables of the following ministries with the census results in: records of the Ministry of Interior, the 1957 census and its updates. records of the Ministry of Commerce, and data of the Ministry of Migration and Displacement.
The decisions also included a commitment to organize statistical tables on the numbers of deportees, arrivals, and displaced persons in the disputed areas and other governorates according to official documents.
In contrast, the spokesman for the Kurdistan Regional Government, Peshwa Hawrami, stressed in a press conference held on November 6 that “the census should not have any negative impact on the implementation of Article 140 of the Constitution, and the resolution of the issue of areas outside the administration of the regional government (the disputed areas),” noting that the region supports organizing the census, but has some observations, which it will work to implement in negotiations with the federal government in the coming few days before conducting the census.
A census scheduled for 2010 has been repeatedly postponed due to political differences over disputed areas between Arabs, Kurds and Turkmen in the north of the country. The population census is usually conducted once every ten years in Iraq, but it has not been held since 1997.
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