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- MONDAY, 10-23-2023, PM 4:41
- KARAR AL-ASSADI
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Embassies in Iraq are once again returning to the forefront. In the midst of the escalation that the region is witnessing due to Israel’s war on Gaza, politicians in Iraq are busy recording a position on the crisis. This time, one of the representatives collected signatures to expel the American ambassador from Baghdad, “in protest against Washington’s support.” To Tel Aviv.” However, observers and legal experts stressed that it is not possible to expel the American ambassador, since the parliament’s decision is not binding on the government, while they stressed that these signatures aim to embarrass the representatives of the coordination framework and squeeze them into a “narrow corner” and nothing more.
Political analyst Maher Judeh says, "The expulsion of the American ambassador is far from reality and will not happen. There is a previous experience of Parliament voting to remove American forces. Although the vote was completed, the decision was not implemented, as there are common interests and a strategic agreement between the Iraqi and American governments that was concluded." Signed in 2011.
Judeh adds: "If the American ambassador is expelled, all embassies, including the European Community, will leave Iraq and the country will turn into a diplomatic desert. So how will Iraq deal with the international community, and most importantly, how will it obtain its money in American banks?"
He continues, "Embassies are diplomatic channels, not military battlefields. In all countries of the world, when wars occur, embassies remain present. The current problem with Israel and its allies is far from the embassies. Therefore, I do not think this matter is happening, but rather just a media show because the decision is purely governmental."
He confirms that "the relationship between Washington and Baghdad is still strong, and the parties that carry weapons are still partners in the political process. I believe that Representative Alaa Al-Rikabi wanted to embarrass the representatives of the framework with this step and corner them no more, but he will corner himself after his popularity has decreased."
Last Thursday, Representative Alaa Al-Rikabi submitted a request to the Presidency of Parliament, with signatures of members of the House of Representatives, to inform the American ambassador to Iraq to leave the country, because she is an “unwelcome person,” in protest against “the heinous crimes committed by the Zionist entity in Gaza.” According to a book distributed by the MP’s office to the media.
It is noteworthy that the American Embassy announced in October 2020, after the intensity of the attacks against it increased, its intention to close its embassy in Baghdad, withdraw all its forces, and deal directly with the parties that target it, which prompted 25 diplomatic missions to hint at withdrawing from Iraq in the event of closure. American embassy.
Legally, expert Adnan Al-Sharifi explains, “Parliament is a legislative authority concerned with issuing laws, not decisions, and expelling ambassadors is a decision affiliated with the government and not Parliament, and voting in Parliament to expel any ambassador is a non-binding decision for the government, and it has the choice to proceed with it or not.”
Al-Sharifi adds, “Parliament lacks legal awareness in this aspect. If it wants to expel an ambassador, it must legislate a law to oblige the government to expel the ambassador of any country that supports Israel. Only legislation is binding on implementation, not decisions,” pointing out that “Iraq is practically unable to expel the ambassador.” America because Iraqi funds are still under the protection of the US Federal Bank.”
For his part, another legal expert, Ali Al-Tamimi, explains the legal procedures for closing embassies by saying, “The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations in 1961 made it clear that when an ambassador shows behavior that violates the law of the country he is in, he is declared persona non grata and is notified in accordance with Article Nine of this agreement.” Because his actions are contrary to the law of the country in which he resides, or because there has been tension in the relationship between the two countries.”
Al-Tamimi adds: “Iraq has the right to expel the ambassador when she violates Articles 41 and 42 of the Vienna Convention, after declaring the ambassador persona non grata. He is expelled along with the diplomats and technicians, and the embassy is closed in accordance with the aforementioned articles. There are international examples, as happened to the former Austrian ambassador to America, when the United States expelled him because he He hid information about Nazism, and the Soviet Union did the same with the American ambassador after he linked Russia to Nazism.”
According to observers of political affairs, the steps taken by the American administration in dealing with Iraq were to hand over the Iraqi file to the American Ambassador, Alina Romaneski, which gave the ambassador “flexibility” to move and deliver messages to the Iraqi parties, away from official American dealings.
Since Muhammad Shiaa Al-Sudani was assigned to form the government last October, US Ambassador Alina Romaneski began her meetings with Al-Sudani, and then continued after he formed the government and gained the confidence of Parliament, and intensified her meetings with him in the first period after he assumed his position.
In the House of Representatives, Representative Amir Al-Mamouri reveals briefly, “A letter issued by one of the representatives was circulated to the members of the House expelling the American ambassador, but so far it has not reached most of the representatives because there is no parliamentary session.”
Al-Mamouri adds, "It is not possible to confirm whether these signatures took place or not, just as it cannot be certain that the decision would be implemented by the government if the signatures were completed and it agreed to expel the American ambassador."
The embassies of countries in Baghdad were often an outlet for Iraqi anger over any event, and since 2003, the headquarters of foreign missions have become a center for angry reactions, whether popular or partisan, to any event that provokes them.
The reactions varied between attacking with Katyushas or storming and burning buildings, and in turn sparked international outrage and concern that Iraq would return to another international isolation shortly after opening up to the world, which is what observers warned against, pointing out that failure to control emotions could undermine the country's diplomatic efforts.
The American embassy was one of the most important targets of these repeated attacks, as hundreds of missiles fell on its surroundings, thousands of angry protesters gathered on its walls, and attempts were made to storm it numerous times, to the point of almost causing it to be closed and the protesters treated as “direct targets.”
The year 2021 witnessed the peak of the conflict between the armed factions and the United States, as most American interests and logistical support convoys were targeted with explosive devices, and then the matter developed into the use of drones. In that year, Washington targeted many sites belonging to the armed factions more than once, with missile strikes. It caused huge losses.
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