New York Times: Arab Spring began from Iraq
08/04/2013 12:00 am
BAGHDAD - translation morning
On April 9, 2003 event change is expected from a long time. However, the removal of Saddam Hussein had a close association with the fall of a series of other Arab dictatorships back-to-back in 2011, a fact often overlooked by others, and largely the reason is the atmosphere of hostility.
Only a small handful of young men and young women of the Arab Spring brave were willing to acknowledge publicly that there might be a link between the revolutions and the end of the reign of Saddam Hussein who was still bloody rule to ten years ago. Stayed most of these activists deny strongly that their claims for freedom and democracy, which was authentic and originated locally, can have a lower connection war they see imperialism and illegitimate. In order to understand the relationship between the overthrow of Saddam in 2003 and the overthrow of Mubarak in 2011 to one that goes back in history to the public 1990, the day Saddam invaded Kuwait. Second Gulf War, which drove the Iraqi army at the hands of the American-led coalition forces, endorsed by most Arab governments, but not from the people.
The reason is that Saddam's occupation of Kuwait threatened the system that kept the authoritarian regimes in power for decades, this was the Arab leaders are ready to go to war in order to restore them.
Consistently peoples to rally around their leaders when exposed to external attack, but the Iraqis did not. But that millions of Iraqis generally endowed with Saddam's regime after the 1991 war and did not unthinkable, demanding foreign forces that feed on them fire to help them rid of Canutatourahm.
Saddam's response was brutal uprising in 1991 is the extermination of tens of thousands of Iraqis, and for the first time speech resulted in Saddam's regime, which has long been said that he was a secular nationalist, and face sectarian frank, and so was leading the race what we are seeing in Syria today. Was the slogan that line on the tanks that swept the city of Najaf, firing on Shiite opponents say: "No Shiites after today." The Western and Arab armies, which flowed to the liberation of Kuwait, was merely the sight of the Shiites and Kurds who rebelled and they massacred. The claim is that the overthrow of Saddam beyond the mandate of the war.
Thus imperative for Iraqis to kill crowds while the Arab state system restores redress West strongly cranks. All those numbers of Iraqi martyrs was a (rehearsal) of what is happening today in other parts of the Middle East.
The first Gulf War for America achieved its objectives, but it is the Iraqi people who pay for that success.
Iraqis have remained Anún under the threat of international sanctions for another twelve years under a brutal dictator يتحرق to avenge those who dared and rebelled, including the Kurds in the north and the Shiites in the south. When change came in 2003, the middle class in Iraq has diminished in size and eventually become desolate state institutions and spread among the people the spirit of anti-Americanism and distrust.
Both the George W. Bush administration and some opponents abroad (including myself) abused often estimate the size of those losses in the run-up to the 2003 war. No one noticed then that the Iraqi state has become a beta of paper.
But it should not be taken any of the errors in judgment that argument calculated on the war, if one put in his belief (as developed) that the overthrow of Saddam the benefit of the Iraqi people. Accounts may look different today, when viewed from the angle of the American national interest .. As we did not know then what we are we know today.
In 2003 some friends warned me of the dangers of hubris U.S., but I did not listen to them. However, the greatest arrogance is the belief that what America has done, or what they did not do, he can change a lot.
Despite all the blunders change revealed important fundamental fact of modern Arab policy.
He backed Washington's old autocratic regimes and dictatorships in the Middle East contributed to the raise deep political ills of roots in the region was a product of Saddam and al-Qaeda. But in 2003 America is no longer able to sustain support for Arab أوتوقراطيين more than that limit, and a system of beliefs that was posed by Saddam already petrified and has the ability to move a long time-before 2003. Although this left Saddam in power after surviving the horrific wars and revolutions. Before the U.S. invasion was impossible for any Iraqi that Saddam skips and looks at what is beyond. In 2003 there were no war Remember, Saddam frightening collapsed state Srhaa by self-weighing. Iraqi army to dissolve itself by Paul Bremer issued his decision. Saddam's fall put the system, which was representing ولبا no matter where, under the new telescope examiner. If the 1991 war had re-Arab state system to an earlier set the 2003 war raised the question the legality of that system. That's why you can not get support from the Arab monarchies in 2003.
After 2003 began, said the state system Arab Balthqq elsewhere as well. In 2005, thousands of Lebanese took to the streets to expel the Syrian army, and savor the Palestinians first taste real elections, and forced Americans Mubarak to allow the Egyptians held its first elections under the fraud in 2006 also began a new type of critical writings to spread across the Internet and novels. psychological climate Arab political is the other began to change. فافكار Arab politics after the 1967 war, which was intended to legitimize, such as Arab unity and anti-imperialism and Zionism, which was supporting the structure of the ruling regime in Iraq or that the ruling in Syria, were already taking to fade before the facts of life under Saddam. There is no more protesters today between the Arab Spring protesters are ready to attribute all these ills Arab regimes to empty abstract terms such as imperialism and Zionism. They have realized in their hearts that these terms are not more than linguistic tools aim is to support the tyrant regimes and distract the people of their ilk to stop the demand for a better life. I paid full Arabic generations of her life and her future price for a set of empty illusions produced by an artificial world, based on denial and rhetoric and false glory. Just reveal bankrupt ideas and the threat to the future of these young men and women who pitched in 2011 to the streets risking everything for the establishment of a new system.
Instead of these fantasies make young revolutionaries in the Arab world of their struggle against political priority Canutaturierm, which is exactly what the Iraqis do their counterparts before them twenty years, after the first Gulf War, but they were unsuccessful.
* By Kanan Makiya / The New York Times
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]
08/04/2013 12:00 am
BAGHDAD - translation morning
On April 9, 2003 event change is expected from a long time. However, the removal of Saddam Hussein had a close association with the fall of a series of other Arab dictatorships back-to-back in 2011, a fact often overlooked by others, and largely the reason is the atmosphere of hostility.
Only a small handful of young men and young women of the Arab Spring brave were willing to acknowledge publicly that there might be a link between the revolutions and the end of the reign of Saddam Hussein who was still bloody rule to ten years ago. Stayed most of these activists deny strongly that their claims for freedom and democracy, which was authentic and originated locally, can have a lower connection war they see imperialism and illegitimate. In order to understand the relationship between the overthrow of Saddam in 2003 and the overthrow of Mubarak in 2011 to one that goes back in history to the public 1990, the day Saddam invaded Kuwait. Second Gulf War, which drove the Iraqi army at the hands of the American-led coalition forces, endorsed by most Arab governments, but not from the people.
The reason is that Saddam's occupation of Kuwait threatened the system that kept the authoritarian regimes in power for decades, this was the Arab leaders are ready to go to war in order to restore them.
Consistently peoples to rally around their leaders when exposed to external attack, but the Iraqis did not. But that millions of Iraqis generally endowed with Saddam's regime after the 1991 war and did not unthinkable, demanding foreign forces that feed on them fire to help them rid of Canutatourahm.
Saddam's response was brutal uprising in 1991 is the extermination of tens of thousands of Iraqis, and for the first time speech resulted in Saddam's regime, which has long been said that he was a secular nationalist, and face sectarian frank, and so was leading the race what we are seeing in Syria today. Was the slogan that line on the tanks that swept the city of Najaf, firing on Shiite opponents say: "No Shiites after today." The Western and Arab armies, which flowed to the liberation of Kuwait, was merely the sight of the Shiites and Kurds who rebelled and they massacred. The claim is that the overthrow of Saddam beyond the mandate of the war.
Thus imperative for Iraqis to kill crowds while the Arab state system restores redress West strongly cranks. All those numbers of Iraqi martyrs was a (rehearsal) of what is happening today in other parts of the Middle East.
The first Gulf War for America achieved its objectives, but it is the Iraqi people who pay for that success.
Iraqis have remained Anún under the threat of international sanctions for another twelve years under a brutal dictator يتحرق to avenge those who dared and rebelled, including the Kurds in the north and the Shiites in the south. When change came in 2003, the middle class in Iraq has diminished in size and eventually become desolate state institutions and spread among the people the spirit of anti-Americanism and distrust.
Both the George W. Bush administration and some opponents abroad (including myself) abused often estimate the size of those losses in the run-up to the 2003 war. No one noticed then that the Iraqi state has become a beta of paper.
But it should not be taken any of the errors in judgment that argument calculated on the war, if one put in his belief (as developed) that the overthrow of Saddam the benefit of the Iraqi people. Accounts may look different today, when viewed from the angle of the American national interest .. As we did not know then what we are we know today.
In 2003 some friends warned me of the dangers of hubris U.S., but I did not listen to them. However, the greatest arrogance is the belief that what America has done, or what they did not do, he can change a lot.
Despite all the blunders change revealed important fundamental fact of modern Arab policy.
He backed Washington's old autocratic regimes and dictatorships in the Middle East contributed to the raise deep political ills of roots in the region was a product of Saddam and al-Qaeda. But in 2003 America is no longer able to sustain support for Arab أوتوقراطيين more than that limit, and a system of beliefs that was posed by Saddam already petrified and has the ability to move a long time-before 2003. Although this left Saddam in power after surviving the horrific wars and revolutions. Before the U.S. invasion was impossible for any Iraqi that Saddam skips and looks at what is beyond. In 2003 there were no war Remember, Saddam frightening collapsed state Srhaa by self-weighing. Iraqi army to dissolve itself by Paul Bremer issued his decision. Saddam's fall put the system, which was representing ولبا no matter where, under the new telescope examiner. If the 1991 war had re-Arab state system to an earlier set the 2003 war raised the question the legality of that system. That's why you can not get support from the Arab monarchies in 2003.
After 2003 began, said the state system Arab Balthqq elsewhere as well. In 2005, thousands of Lebanese took to the streets to expel the Syrian army, and savor the Palestinians first taste real elections, and forced Americans Mubarak to allow the Egyptians held its first elections under the fraud in 2006 also began a new type of critical writings to spread across the Internet and novels. psychological climate Arab political is the other began to change. فافكار Arab politics after the 1967 war, which was intended to legitimize, such as Arab unity and anti-imperialism and Zionism, which was supporting the structure of the ruling regime in Iraq or that the ruling in Syria, were already taking to fade before the facts of life under Saddam. There is no more protesters today between the Arab Spring protesters are ready to attribute all these ills Arab regimes to empty abstract terms such as imperialism and Zionism. They have realized in their hearts that these terms are not more than linguistic tools aim is to support the tyrant regimes and distract the people of their ilk to stop the demand for a better life. I paid full Arabic generations of her life and her future price for a set of empty illusions produced by an artificial world, based on denial and rhetoric and false glory. Just reveal bankrupt ideas and the threat to the future of these young men and women who pitched in 2011 to the streets risking everything for the establishment of a new system.
Instead of these fantasies make young revolutionaries in the Arab world of their struggle against political priority Canutaturierm, which is exactly what the Iraqis do their counterparts before them twenty years, after the first Gulf War, but they were unsuccessful.
* By Kanan Makiya / The New York Times
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]
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