An international organization: Plans to enhance the livelihood of affected displaced and returning f

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[size=52]An international organization: Plans to enhance the livelihood of affected displaced and returning families in Iraq[/size]

[size=45]Translated by / Hamed Ahmed[/size]
[size=45]A report by the World Food Program (WFP) discussed the efforts made in accordance with the national strategic plan to support the standard of living and enhance the capabilities to adapt to the consequences of climate change in Iraq for the period from 2021 to 2024 for displaced and returning families and rural farming families in ten Iraqi governorates who suffer from a high unemployment rate, noting that The Human Development Index assessment in Iraq for the year 2021 came in 121 out of a total of 191 countries, where it ranked in the middle.[/size]
[size=45]The report states that with Iraq’s population exceeding 41.2 million people, 70% of them are city dwellers, and youth under the age of 24 constitute 70% of the population, while those under 18 years constitute 50%, and children under 5 years constitute 15% of the population. Population: The proportion of women is 49.4% of the country’s population, and with a birth rate of 2.55%, it is expected that the population of Iraq will double by the year 2050.[/size]
[size=45]The report indicated that in addition to this population census, the country hosts more than 280,000 immigrants and asylum seekers, 80% of whom reside in the Kurdistan region, and Syrian Kurds constitute more than 230,000 people, in addition to 52,000 Syrian Arabs, as well as refugees from Iran, Turkey, Palestine and other countries. .[/size]
[size=45]The unemployment rate in the country is estimated, according to national statistics, at around 16.5%, with large variations based on social demographic characteristics. The report indicated that the unemployment rate is still high, especially among categories of displaced and returning families, youth, women, and the disabled segment. As for the lack of livelihood requirements for families, it is the main reason behind all the problems of child protection and education, which include child labor and deprivation of education, as well as early marriage of minors.[/size]
[size=45]According to estimates by the International Labor Organization, the labor rate for women in Iraq is relatively low, amounting to 20%, compared to the labor rate for men, which is 23.5%, for many reasons, including reaching the age of marriage or staying at home to care for children.[/size]
[size=45]The international organization points out in its report that the displaced people in the camps face several obstacles that prevent them from obtaining a job opportunity, including the distance from the places where work is expected to be available and the lack of qualifications. As for displaced families that are headed by women or that contain disabled people, they are two or three times less likely to be able to obtain a job opportunity compared to other families. Likewise, for displaced families residing outside the camps, the rate of job opportunities is low for them, and approximately 30% of the families residing outside the camps have at least one of their members who is unemployed or looking for work.[/size]
[size=45]Returnees also make an effort to get a job. 25% of the families that returned to their original areas have at least one of their adult members who is unemployed and looking for a job opportunity. However, returnees are more likely than displaced people to be able to obtain a job in the public sector, and their rate of obtaining a daily wage job opportunity is higher.[/size]
[size=45]While the International Labor Organization indicates in its estimates that the youth unemployment rate has decreased slightly since 2020, it is still high at 35%. A recent report published by UNICEF highlighted the lack of skills gap among Iraqi youth, which hinders their ability to obtain job opportunities, including the skills of using digital computer devices.[/size]
[size=45]As for food security and the availability of food among returning and displaced families in Iraq, it remains mainly related to their status as displaced persons, which has made them more dependent on aid. This constitutes an obstacle to their ability to establish a sustainable source of livelihood or their ability to obtain an expected income, especially for families headed by women or with disabled individuals.[/size]
[size=45]The report indicates that the agricultural sector is considered the field that provides the most job opportunities in Iraq, especially in rural areas, and that the percentage of women working in the agricultural sector, based on estimates in 2011, was about 49%, while the percentage of men’s participation was 17.1%. In 2017, the percentage of women working in the agricultural sector was 43.7%, compared to 16.7% of men working in the sector. According to the United Nations Development Programme, women in rural areas are more economically active than women in urban areas, but they face obstacles to educational opportunities.[/size]
[size=45]The organization, in cooperation with the United Nations Development Programme, the Iraqi government and local partner organizations, has set development priorities and achieved sustainable development goals to ensure improving the living conditions of affected displaced and returning families, including improving the health and educational situation and finding adequate housing and social protection. The government also contributed to developing a vision for the year 2030 in line with 2030 Sustainable Development Working Paper on Medium and Long-Term Development Priorities.[/size]
[size=45]The organization indicates that it implemented, from 2020 to early 2022, four types of activities to assess the living situation and activities to adapt to the consequences of climate change through financial support and strengthening capabilities through specialized programs in cooperation with several other international and national organizations to rehabilitate the agricultural sector for rural families, as well as Providing support programs for areas containing returning and displaced families in the governorates of Nineveh, Anbar, Salah al-Din, Dhi Qar, and Basra.[/size]
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