Gallup recalls the memories of the Iraqis... 20 years after the American invasion, is life better today?
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Economy News-Baghdad
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Added 03/30/2023 - 6:30 PM
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Economy News-Baghdad
On its official website, on the twentieth anniversary of the beginning of the American occupation of Iraq, the Gallup Corporation for Statistical Research published an opinion poll in which it revealed the Iraqis’ view of the nature of their lives and how their views have changed over the years. To conduct annual surveys starting in 2008.
Gallup said that the question of whether life in Iraq now is better or worse than it was twenty years ago does not have a definitive answer. In some ways, the data shows that the instability brought about by the war and its aftermath has added to the misery of millions, but despite this there are modest signs that not all is hopeless.
In a survey conducted by the Foundation for Iraq in 2004, the site asked Iraqis about their greatest hopes and fears. Their answer was that their greatest hope, by far, is security and stability (47%), while their greatest fear for the future was sectarian conflict and civil war (28%). . Their worst fears were soon realized, as sectarian conflict between Shiites and Sunnis erupted into a brutal civil war that contributed to wide volatility in the region and enabled the Islamic State (ISIS) to occupy large parts of Iraq between 2014 and 2017. The US invasion also resulted in the deaths of an estimated 200,000 Iraqi civilians, in addition to bringing the total deaths to about half a million due to other deaths in the violent and unstable years that followed, all of which took its toll on Iraqi society.
The site added that, with the ISIS invasion of Iraq between 2014 and 2016, Iraqis collectively experienced more negative emotions such as sadness, anxiety, anger, stress and physical pain on a daily basis than any other country in the world. After the elimination of ISIS, the daily emotional burden on Iraqis has become somewhat less. However, their scores on the negative experience index were still high, as were the rest of the components that make up the index. In 2022, the majority of Iraqis reported experiencing pain (61%), anxiety (59%), and stress (53%) during most of the previous day, and almost half of Iraqis reported experiencing anger (46%) and sadness (45%).
The site adds that two decades after the invasion, the scars of psychological warfare are still fresh in the minds of civilians. However, there is still hope. The percentage of Iraqis who rate their life positively enough to consider it "thriving" doubled between 2008 and 2022 (9% vs. 19%).
In addition, the 18% who rate their lives poorly enough to qualify as “suffering” are now lower than in many neighboring countries in the Middle East and North Africa.
And with the security landscape stabilizing after years of conflict and civil war, the percentage of Iraqis who feel safe walking alone at night has steadily increased, reaching a record high in 2022 (74%), according to the site.
Gallup added that the sources of political instability in Iraq are multiple and complex, and the accumulation of political authoritarianism in Iraq is closely linked to the control of state resources, and this is what makes political parties and militias reluctant to form stable alliances that can bring about decisive change (because doing so may require them to share power and resources, which may threaten its interests and influence).
The overthrow of Saddam Hussein marked the end of three decades of Baath Party rule in Iraq, and the de-Baathification process, which did not include a clear plan to compensate for the power vacuum, led to the undermining of the state and military institutions, which precipitated the escalation of violent divisions among Iraqis and the collapse of security and order that led to faltering Attempts to rebuild the Iraqi state.
The site added that the percentage of public perception of political corruption in Iraq has remained on a steady rise since 2018, as the majority of Iraqis (88%) in 2022 stated that government corruption is widespread. Thus, Iraq competed with Nigeria (94%), Lebanon (91%), Kenya (90%), Puerto Rico (90%) and Ghana (88%) to rank first in the world in terms of corruption rates.
Despite some ups and downs, Iraqis' confidence in their current government is much lower than it was 15 years ago. In 2022, a large number of Iraqis expressed their lack of confidence in the government (63%), compared to a very small number of them who expressed confidence (37%), which contributed to the outbreak of the wave of anti-government protests, according to the site.
The site added that in the post-war period, Iraq faced difficulties in achieving economic progress, as the Iraqi economy remained highly dependent on oil imports, which represent more than 99% of its exports, and the Corona virus pandemic and the oil price shock, in addition to other factors, also caused Making 2020 the worst in terms of economic growth in Iraq since the fall of Saddam Hussein's regime in 2003.
In the immediate period preceding the emergence of the Islamic State in 2014, Iraq witnessed a remarkable increase in the percentage of those suffering from difficulties in securing food, and this percentage remained high until it reached (41%) in 2022, which is much higher than the total percentage in in 2008 (25%).
Opinions collected by Gallup indicate that the employment situation in Iraq is bleak, with nearly two-thirds (65%) of Iraqis saying that 2022 is not a good time to look for a job. Frustration with prevailing unemployment was one of the main factors that pushed Iraqis to the massive popular protests that took place in the country in October 2019. These demonstrations represented a clear manifestation of democratic civic participation, and at the same time the beginning of a violent security crackdown that left hundreds dead.
Despite the difficulties of widespread poverty and high unemployment, the Iraqis' economic prospects are optimistic. About two-thirds of Iraqis (68%) expressed their satisfaction with their standard of living, and their expectations are positive. They believe that living standards are improving rather than deteriorating (53% vs. 31%). The Iraqi economy, despite the huge structural challenges it still faces, there are some small indications that the foundations of the Iraqi economy are moving in the right direction, according to the site.
Gallup concludes its report that economic progress remains a severe challenge in Iraq for the year 2023, which was accompanied by material and emotional suffering.
Iraq has become a completely different country today, with a population of about 40 million people, almost double what it was at the beginning of the war in 2003, and the vast majority of Iraqis under the age of 25, and the horrors of childhood have defined millions of these unaccompanied youth. Get a taste of life in a stable country. However, even after years of upheaval, there is still hope. Iraq is characterized by progress and deterioration at the same time, and there is still a long way to go, although some progress has been made towards realizing the greatest hope for Iraqis since 2014, which is security and stability.
Views 472
Added 03/30/2023 - 6:30 PM
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