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Food and water security measures can be taken
08/1/2018 12:00 am [rtl] It is important for countries to seize the opportunity to improve access to water resources to meet the long-term challenge of stabilizing and providing food security during the current conflicts in the Middle East. As countries in the region struggle to overcome conflicts, it is also important to monitor long-term challenges to stability, such as food security, to prevent "the loss of peace." Faced with the tragedies of civil wars in Syria, Libya and Yemen, it is difficult to focus on emerging and unconventional threats. The good news is that when it comes to food security, there are measures that can be taken now for immediate benefit while contributing to long-term stability. Food security In a recent book entitled Emerging Security Threats in the Middle East, food security, water security, energy security and migration have been identified as issues that will become increasingly important. As the Arab region imports more than 50 percent of the calories it consumes, as it is the world's largest wheat importer, food security is resurgent. It is not surprising that the region goes beyond the common definition of food security and links it to national security. In the wake of the food price crisis 0820-2009, four million people have joined the list of undernourished people in the Arab region. In a country like Yemen, seed stocks were used a year ahead of schedule, putting future food security at risk. Even richer regions, such as the Gulf states, are increasingly dependent on global markets to meet their food needs. Which would put them at a long-term risk, as the global food trade system became less reliable. Therefore, the Gulf countries have opted for land acquisitions abroad to enhance their food security and reduce dependence on global markets. Food and water But not all countries in the region have the resources to invest in land tenure, nor do they need it. There are other solutions. While the MENA region has the lowest per capita water available in the world, it has the lowest rate of water productivity . There is scope for improving the management of water resources by relying on the potential for reuse of wastewater; the region is now reusing less than 20 per cent of the wastewater. As stated in a recent report, this low level represents an opportunity. Promoting the reuse of treated wastewater would be very useful for securing a stable supply of water for agriculture, which consumes the lion's share of water resources. Technology and investment Technological innovation and investment are also important but not sufficient at all. The importance of focusing on water management is overestimated. This includes the treatment of subsidies for agricultural water, which at present encourages large-scale waste disposal, as well as water demand management. Historically, countries in the region have focused on self-sufficiency in food at the national level; while increasing national agricultural production is important, they are often insufficient to provide sustainable food security. Long-term food security in the Middle East requires a comprehensive approach that includes effective water resource management, sustainable agricultural productivity, agricultural trade, and ensuring adequate and nutritious food at affordable prices for all people. Food and Stability Given the importance of food security for long-term stability, it is important that any post-conflict reconstruction process focuses on the many factors contributing to it. In addition to improving water management, income opportunities and effective social safety nets are equally important. Without them, people will not be able to achieve food security, creating a source of frustration that can lead to renewal Disorders. With concern about ways to ensure food supplies, governments also need to ensure that people have access to them. Addressing this set of factors is crucial for the countries of the region. For countries emerging from conflict, it will be a critical investment to ensure the consolidation of peace.[/rtl] [rtl][You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] [/rtl] |
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